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(-) Description

Title :  D1 DOPAMINE RECEPTOR
 
Authors :  Y. B. Vaddavalli
Date :  08 Apr 03  (Deposition) - 22 Apr 03  (Release) - 22 Apr 03  (Revision)
Method :  THEORETICAL MODEL
Resolution :  NOT APPLICABLE
Chains :  Theor. Model :  A
Keywords :  Jigsaw Comparative Modelling Server (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  Y. B. Vaddavalli
D1 Dopamine Receptor
To Be Published
PubMed: search
(for further references see the PDB file header)

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - D(1A) DOPAMINE RECEPTOR
    ChainsA
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  
Theoretical Model 

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (0, 0)

(no "Ligand,Modified Residues,Ions" information available for 1OZ5)

(-) Sites  (0, 0)

(no "Site" information available for 1OZ5)

(-) SS Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "SS Bond" information available for 1OZ5)

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (1, 1)

Theoretical Model
No.Residues
1Ser A:259 -Phe A:260

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (6, 6)

Theoretical Model (6, 6)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_014670T37PDRD1_HUMANPolymorphism5327AT37P
2UniProtVAR_014671T37RDRD1_HUMANPolymorphism5328AT37R
3UniProtVAR_014672R50SDRD1_HUMANPolymorphism5330AR50S
4UniProtVAR_064577K81RDRD1_HUMANPolymorphism  ---AK81R
5UniProtVAR_014673S199ADRD1_HUMANPolymorphism5331AS199A
6UniProtVAR_064578S259YDRD1_HUMANPolymorphism74414188AS259Y

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (1, 1)

Theoretical Model (1, 1)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F1_1PS00237 G-protein coupled receptors family 1 signature.DRD1_HUMAN109-125  1A:109-125

(-) Exons   (1, 1)

Theoretical Model (1, 1)
 ENSEMBLUniProtKBPDB
No.Transcript IDExonExon IDGenome LocationLengthIDLocationLengthCountLocationLength
1.1ENST000003937521ENSE00001357338chr5:174871163-174870702462DRD1_HUMAN-00--
1.2aENST000003937522aENSE00001357078chr5:174870585-1748676752911DRD1_HUMAN1-6076071A:25-346322

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Theoretical Model
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:322
 aligned with DRD1_HUMAN | P21728 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:446

    Alignment length:322
                                    34        44        54        64        74        84        94       104       114       124       134       144       154       164       174       184       194       204       214       224       234       244       254       264       274       284       294       304       314       324       334       344  
           DRD1_HUMAN    25 LTACFLSLLILSTLLGNTLVCAAVIRFRHLRSKVTNFFVISLAVSDLLVAVLVMPWKAVAEIAGFWPFGSFCNIWVAFDIMCSTASILNLCVISVDRYWAISSPFRYERKMTPKAAFILISVAWTLSVLISFIPVQLSWHKAKPTSPSDGNATSLAETIDNCDSSLSRTYAISSSVISFYIPVAIMIVTYTRIYRIAQKQIRRIAALERAAVHAKNCQTTTGNGKPVECSQPESSFKMSFKRETKVLKTLSVIMGVFVCCWLPFFILNCILPFCGSGETQPFCIDSNTFDVFVWFGWANSSLNPIIYAFNADFRKAFSTLLG 346
               SCOP domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....ee..ee.............hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.............hhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhh............hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..............hhhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhh..hhhhhhhhh. Sec.struct. author
             SAPs(SNPs) (1) ------------P------------S------------------------------R---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A-----------------------------------------------------------Y--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs) (1)
             SAPs(SNPs) (2) ------------R--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs) (2)
                    PROSITE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
               Transcript 1 Exon 1.2a  PDB: A:25-346 UniProt: 1-607 [INCOMPLETE]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Transcript 1
                 1oz5 A  25 LTACFLSLLILSTLLGNTLVCAAVIRFRHLRSKVTNFFVISLAVSDLLVAVLVMPWKAVAEIAGFWPFGSFCNIWVAFDIMCSTASILNLCVISVDRYWAISSPFRYERKMTPKAAFILISVAWTLSVLISFIPVQLSWHKAKPTSPSDGNATSLAETIDNCDSSLSRTYAISSSVISFYIPVAIMIVTYTRIYRIAQKQIRRIAALERAAVHAKNCQTTTGNGKPVECSQPESSFKMSFKRETKVLKTLSVIMGVFVCCWLPFFILNCILPFCGSGETQPFCIDSNTFDVFVWFGWANSSLNPIIYAFNADFRKAFSTLLG 346
                                    34        44        54        64        74        84        94       104       114       124       134       144       154       164       174       184       194       204       214       224       234       244       254       264       274       284       294       304       314       324       334       344  

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (0, 0)

(no "SCOP Domain" information available for 1OZ5)

(-) CATH Domains  (0, 0)

(no "CATH Domain" information available for 1OZ5)

(-) Pfam Domains  (0, 0)

(no "Pfam Domain" information available for 1OZ5)

(-) Gene Ontology  (116, 116)

Theoretical Model(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A   (DRD1_HUMAN | P21728)
molecular function
    GO:0051117    ATPase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an ATPase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP.
    GO:0031750    D3 dopamine receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a D3 dopamine receptor.
    GO:0001965    G-protein alpha-subunit binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a G-protein alpha subunit. The alpha subunit binds a guanine nucleotide.
    GO:0004930    G-protein coupled receptor activity    Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.
    GO:0031701    angiotensin receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an angiotensin receptor.
    GO:0035240    dopamine binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter formed by aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase from 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine.
    GO:0004952    dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity    Combining with the neurotransmitter dopamine to initiate a change in cell activity.
    GO:0001588    dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity, coupled via Gs    Combining with the neurotransmitter dopamine and activating adenylate cyclase via coupling to Gs to initiate a change in cell activity.
    GO:0008144    drug binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a drug, any naturally occurring or synthetic substance, other than a nutrient, that, when administered or applied to an organism, affects the structure or functioning of the organism; in particular, any such substance used in the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0032403    protein complex binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0046982    protein heterodimerization activity    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nonidentical protein to form a heterodimer.
    GO:0019903    protein phosphatase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein phosphatase.
    GO:0005102    receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.
    GO:0004871    signal transducer activity    Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response.
biological process
    GO:0007186    G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The pathway can start from the plasma membrane, Golgi or nuclear membrane (PMID:24568158 and PMID:16902576).
    GO:0007187    G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation or inhibition of a nucleotide cyclase activity and a subsequent change in the concentration of a cyclic nucleotide.
    GO:0007190    activation of adenylate cyclase activity    Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme adenylate cyclase.
    GO:0007189    adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds through activation of adenylyl cyclase activity and a subsequent increase in the concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP).
    GO:0007191    adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a dopamine receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation of adenylyl cyclase and a subsequent increase in the concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP).
    GO:0007628    adult walking behavior    The behavior of an adult relating to the progression of that organism along the ground by the process of lifting and setting down each leg.
    GO:0008306    associative learning    Learning by associating a stimulus (the cause) with a particular outcome (the effect).
    GO:0014002    astrocyte development    The process aimed at the progression of an astrocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. An astrocyte is the most abundant type of glial cell. Astrocytes provide support for neurons and regulate the environment in which they function.
    GO:0001662    behavioral fear response    An acute behavioral change resulting from a perceived external threat.
    GO:0048148    behavioral response to cocaine    Any process that results in a change in the behavior of an organism as a result of a cocaine stimulus.
    GO:0019722    calcium-mediated signaling    Any intracellular signal transduction in which the signal is passed on within the cell via calcium ions.
    GO:0071870    cellular response to catecholamine stimulus    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a catecholamine stimulus. A catecholamine is any of a group of biogenic amines that includes 4-(2-aminoethyl)pyrocatechol [4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol] and derivatives formed by substitution.
    GO:0071456    cellular response to hypoxia    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level.
    GO:0032869    cellular response to insulin stimulus    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms.
    GO:0021853    cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron migration    The migration of GABAergic interneuron precursors from the subpallium to the cerebral cortex.
    GO:0001661    conditioned taste aversion    A conditioned aversion to a specific chemical compound as a result of that compound being coupled with a noxious stimulus.
    GO:0021542    dentate gyrus development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dentate gyrus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The dentate gyrus is one of two interlocking gyri of the hippocampus. It contains granule cells, which project to the pyramidal cells and interneurons of the CA3 region of the ammon gyrus.
    GO:0042417    dopamine metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline.
    GO:0007212    dopamine receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a dopamine receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.
    GO:0015872    dopamine transport    The directed movement of dopamine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline.
    GO:0007631    feeding behavior    Behavior associated with the intake of food.
    GO:0046323    glucose import    The directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle.
    GO:0007625    grooming behavior    The specific behavior of an organism relating to grooming, cleaning and brushing to remove dirt and parasites.
    GO:0046959    habituation    A decrease in a behavioral response to a repeated stimulus. This is exemplified by the failure of a person to show a startle response to a loud noise that has been repeatedly presented.
    GO:0021766    hippocampus development    The progression of the hippocampus over time from its initial formation until its mature state.
    GO:0006886    intracellular protein transport    The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell.
    GO:0007612    learning    Any process in an organism in which a relatively long-lasting adaptive behavioral change occurs as the result of experience.
    GO:0007626    locomotory behavior    The specific movement from place to place of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli. Locomotion of a whole organism in a manner dependent upon some combination of that organism's internal state and external conditions.
    GO:0060292    long term synaptic depression    A process that modulates synaptic plasticity such that synapses are changed resulting in the decrease in the rate, or frequency of synaptic transmission at the synapse.
    GO:0060291    long-term synaptic potentiation    A process that modulates synaptic plasticity such that synapses are changed resulting in the increase in the rate, or frequency of synaptic transmission at the synapse.
    GO:0042711    maternal behavior    Female behaviors associated with the care and rearing of offspring.
    GO:0007617    mating behavior    The behavioral interactions between organisms for the purpose of mating, or sexual reproduction resulting in the formation of zygotes.
    GO:0007613    memory    The activities involved in the mental information processing system that receives (registers), modifies, stores, and retrieves informational stimuli. The main stages involved in the formation and retrieval of memory are encoding (processing of received information by acquisition), storage (building a permanent record of received information as a result of consolidation) and retrieval (calling back the stored information and use it in a suitable way to execute a given task).
    GO:0006936    muscle contraction    A process in which force is generated within muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis.
    GO:0030336    negative regulation of cell migration    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.
    GO:0042321    negative regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the duration or quality of sleep, a readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity that occurs periodically in many animals.
    GO:0006469    negative regulation of protein kinase activity    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity.
    GO:0019228    neuronal action potential    An action potential that occurs in a neuron.
    GO:0035106    operant conditioning    Learning to anticipate future events on the basis of past experience with the consequences of one's own behavior.
    GO:0021769    orbitofrontal cortex development    The progression of the orbitofrontal cortex over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The orbitofrontal cortex is a cerebral cortex region located in the frontal lobe.
    GO:0030432    peristalsis    A wavelike sequence of involuntary muscular contraction and relaxation that passes along a tubelike structure, such as the intestine, impelling the contents onwards.
    GO:0060158    phospholipase C-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a dopamine receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation of phospholipase C (PLC) and a subsequent release of inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG).
    GO:0010579    positive regulation of adenylate cyclase activity involved in G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of adenylate cyclase (AC) activity that is an integral part of a G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway.
    GO:0030819    positive regulation of cAMP biosynthetic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the nucleotide cAMP (cyclic AMP, adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate).
    GO:0030335    positive regulation of cell migration    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.
    GO:0051482    positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration involved in phospholipase C-activating G-protein coupled signaling pathway    Any process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol that occurs as part of a PLC-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway. G-protein-activated PLC hydrolyses phosphatidylinositol-bisphosphate (PIP2) to release diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol trisphosphate (IP3). IP3 then binds to calcium release channels in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to trigger calcium ion release into the cytosol.
    GO:2000253    positive regulation of feeding behavior    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of feeding behavior.
    GO:1900273    positive regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of long-term synaptic potentiation.
    GO:0045838    positive regulation of membrane potential    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.
    GO:0043268    positive regulation of potassium ion transport    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
    GO:0051281    positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the release into the cytosolic compartment of calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria.
    GO:0051968    positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic    Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate.
    GO:0060134    prepulse inhibition    The process in which a startle magnitude is reduced when the startling stimulus is preceded by a low-intensity prepulse.
    GO:0006606    protein import into nucleus    The directed movement of a protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.
    GO:0042053    regulation of dopamine metabolic process    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine.
    GO:0051584    regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the catecholamine neurotransmitter dopamine into a cell.
    GO:0043269    regulation of ion transport    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
    GO:0048169    regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity    A process that modulates long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change long-term as circumstances require. Long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increase or decrease in actual synapse numbers.
    GO:0019229    regulation of vasoconstriction    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reductions in the diameter of blood vessels.
    GO:0014823    response to activity    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an activity stimulus.
    GO:0043200    response to amino acid    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amino acid stimulus. An amino acid is a carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups.
    GO:0001975    response to amphetamine    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amphetamine stimulus. Amphetamines consist of a group of compounds related to alpha-methylphenethylamine.
    GO:0036276    response to antidepressant    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an antidepressant stimulus, a mood-stimulating drug.
    GO:0042220    response to cocaine    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cocaine stimulus. Cocaine is a crystalline alkaloid obtained from the leaves of the coca plant.
    GO:0042493    response to drug    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease.
    GO:0032355    response to estradiol    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by estradiol, a C18 steroid hormone hydroxylated at C3 and C17 that acts as a potent estrogen.
    GO:0045471    response to ethanol    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ethanol stimulus.
    GO:0032094    response to food    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a food stimulus; food is anything which, when taken into the body, serves to nourish or build up the tissues or to supply body heat.
    GO:0043278    response to morphine    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a morphine stimulus. Morphine is an opioid alkaloid, isolated from opium, with a complex ring structure.
    GO:0035094    response to nicotine    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nicotine stimulus.
    GO:0014070    response to organic cyclic compound    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus.
    GO:0010243    response to organonitrogen compound    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organonitrogen stimulus. An organonitrogen compound is formally a compound containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond.
    GO:0032526    response to retinoic acid    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a retinoic acid stimulus.
    GO:0048545    response to steroid hormone    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a steroid hormone stimulus.
    GO:0046960    sensitization    An increased in a behavioral response to a repeated stimulus. For example, a shock to the tail of the marine snail Aplysia, to which the snail responds by withdrawing its gill, will result in increased gill withdrawal the next time the skin is touched.
    GO:0007165    signal transduction    The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.
    GO:0035176    social behavior    Behavior directed towards society, or taking place between members of the same species. Occurs predominantly, or only, in individuals that are part of a group.
    GO:0021756    striatum development    The progression of the striatum over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The striatum is a region of the forebrain consisting of the caudate nucleus, putamen and fundus striati.
    GO:0007416    synapse assembly    The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a synapse. This process ends when the synapse is mature (functional).
    GO:0001963    synaptic transmission, dopaminergic    The vesicular release of dopamine. from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of dopamine receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
    GO:0001659    temperature homeostasis    A homeostatic process in which an organism modulates its internal body temperature.
    GO:0019226    transmission of nerve impulse    The neurological system process in which a signal is transmitted through the nervous system by a combination of action potential propagation and synaptic transmission.
    GO:0042311    vasodilation    An increase in the internal diameter of blood vessels, especially arterioles or capillaries, due to relaxation of smooth muscle cells that line the vessels, and usually resulting in a decrease in blood pressure.
    GO:0008542    visual learning    Any process in an organism in which a change in behavior of an individual occurs in response to repeated exposure to a visual cue.
cellular component
    GO:0030424    axon    The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter.
    GO:0043679    axon terminus    Terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters. The axon terminus is considered to be the whole region of thickening and the terminal button is a specialized region of it.
    GO:0005901    caveola    A membrane raft that forms small pit, depression, or invagination that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane. Examples include flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane in adipocytes associated with caveolin proteins, and minute pits or incuppings of the cell membrane formed during pinocytosis. Caveolae may be pinched off to form free vesicles within the cytoplasm.
    GO:0060170    ciliary membrane    The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a cilium.
    GO:0030425    dendrite    A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, often branched, morphology, receives and integrates signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conducts a nerve impulse towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body.
    GO:0043198    dendritic shaft    Cylindric portion of the dendrite, directly stemming from the perikaryon, and carrying the dendritic spines.
    GO:0043197    dendritic spine    A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment - typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable including "thin", "stubby", "mushroom", and "branched", with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity.
    GO:0044327    dendritic spine head    Distal part of the dendritic spine, that carries the post-synaptic density.
    GO:0044326    dendritic spine neck    Part of the dendritic spine that connects the dendritic shaft to the head of the dendritic spine.
    GO:0005783    endoplasmic reticulum    The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached).
    GO:0005789    endoplasmic reticulum membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum.
    GO:0016021    integral component of membrane    The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
    GO:0005887    integral component of plasma membrane    The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0043025    neuronal cell body    The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites.
    GO:0005634    nucleus    A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

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