| molecular function |
| | GO:0051117 | | ATPase binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an ATPase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP. |
| | GO:0031750 | | D3 dopamine receptor binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a D3 dopamine receptor. |
| | GO:0001965 | | G-protein alpha-subunit binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a G-protein alpha subunit. The alpha subunit binds a guanine nucleotide. |
| | GO:0004930 | | G-protein coupled receptor activity | | Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. |
| | GO:0031701 | | angiotensin receptor binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an angiotensin receptor. |
| | GO:0035240 | | dopamine binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter formed by aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase from 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine. |
| | GO:0004952 | | dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity | | Combining with the neurotransmitter dopamine to initiate a change in cell activity. |
| | GO:0001588 | | dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity, coupled via Gs | | Combining with the neurotransmitter dopamine and activating adenylate cyclase via coupling to Gs to initiate a change in cell activity. |
| | GO:0008144 | | drug binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a drug, any naturally occurring or synthetic substance, other than a nutrient, that, when administered or applied to an organism, affects the structure or functioning of the organism; in particular, any such substance used in the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease. |
| | GO:0005515 | | protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| | GO:0032403 | | protein complex binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| | GO:0046982 | | protein heterodimerization activity | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nonidentical protein to form a heterodimer. |
| | GO:0019903 | | protein phosphatase binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein phosphatase. |
| | GO:0005102 | | receptor binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function. |
| | GO:0004871 | | signal transducer activity | | Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response. |
| biological process |
| | GO:0007186 | | G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway | | A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The pathway can start from the plasma membrane, Golgi or nuclear membrane (PMID:24568158 and PMID:16902576). |
| | GO:0007187 | | G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger | | The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation or inhibition of a nucleotide cyclase activity and a subsequent change in the concentration of a cyclic nucleotide. |
| | GO:0007190 | | activation of adenylate cyclase activity | | Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme adenylate cyclase. |
| | GO:0007189 | | adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway | | The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds through activation of adenylyl cyclase activity and a subsequent increase in the concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP). |
| | GO:0007191 | | adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway | | The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a dopamine receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation of adenylyl cyclase and a subsequent increase in the concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP). |
| | GO:0007628 | | adult walking behavior | | The behavior of an adult relating to the progression of that organism along the ground by the process of lifting and setting down each leg. |
| | GO:0008306 | | associative learning | | Learning by associating a stimulus (the cause) with a particular outcome (the effect). |
| | GO:0014002 | | astrocyte development | | The process aimed at the progression of an astrocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. An astrocyte is the most abundant type of glial cell. Astrocytes provide support for neurons and regulate the environment in which they function. |
| | GO:0001662 | | behavioral fear response | | An acute behavioral change resulting from a perceived external threat. |
| | GO:0048148 | | behavioral response to cocaine | | Any process that results in a change in the behavior of an organism as a result of a cocaine stimulus. |
| | GO:0019722 | | calcium-mediated signaling | | Any intracellular signal transduction in which the signal is passed on within the cell via calcium ions. |
| | GO:0071870 | | cellular response to catecholamine stimulus | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a catecholamine stimulus. A catecholamine is any of a group of biogenic amines that includes 4-(2-aminoethyl)pyrocatechol [4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol] and derivatives formed by substitution. |
| | GO:0071456 | | cellular response to hypoxia | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. |
| | GO:0032869 | | cellular response to insulin stimulus | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms. |
| | GO:0021853 | | cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron migration | | The migration of GABAergic interneuron precursors from the subpallium to the cerebral cortex. |
| | GO:0001661 | | conditioned taste aversion | | A conditioned aversion to a specific chemical compound as a result of that compound being coupled with a noxious stimulus. |
| | GO:0021542 | | dentate gyrus development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dentate gyrus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The dentate gyrus is one of two interlocking gyri of the hippocampus. It contains granule cells, which project to the pyramidal cells and interneurons of the CA3 region of the ammon gyrus. |
| | GO:0042417 | | dopamine metabolic process | | The chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline. |
| | GO:0007212 | | dopamine receptor signaling pathway | | The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a dopamine receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands. |
| | GO:0015872 | | dopamine transport | | The directed movement of dopamine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline. |
| | GO:0007631 | | feeding behavior | | Behavior associated with the intake of food. |
| | GO:0046323 | | glucose import | | The directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle. |
| | GO:0007625 | | grooming behavior | | The specific behavior of an organism relating to grooming, cleaning and brushing to remove dirt and parasites. |
| | GO:0046959 | | habituation | | A decrease in a behavioral response to a repeated stimulus. This is exemplified by the failure of a person to show a startle response to a loud noise that has been repeatedly presented. |
| | GO:0021766 | | hippocampus development | | The progression of the hippocampus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. |
| | GO:0006886 | | intracellular protein transport | | The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell. |
| | GO:0007612 | | learning | | Any process in an organism in which a relatively long-lasting adaptive behavioral change occurs as the result of experience. |
| | GO:0007626 | | locomotory behavior | | The specific movement from place to place of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli. Locomotion of a whole organism in a manner dependent upon some combination of that organism's internal state and external conditions. |
| | GO:0060292 | | long term synaptic depression | | A process that modulates synaptic plasticity such that synapses are changed resulting in the decrease in the rate, or frequency of synaptic transmission at the synapse. |
| | GO:0060291 | | long-term synaptic potentiation | | A process that modulates synaptic plasticity such that synapses are changed resulting in the increase in the rate, or frequency of synaptic transmission at the synapse. |
| | GO:0042711 | | maternal behavior | | Female behaviors associated with the care and rearing of offspring. |
| | GO:0007617 | | mating behavior | | The behavioral interactions between organisms for the purpose of mating, or sexual reproduction resulting in the formation of zygotes. |
| | GO:0007613 | | memory | | The activities involved in the mental information processing system that receives (registers), modifies, stores, and retrieves informational stimuli. The main stages involved in the formation and retrieval of memory are encoding (processing of received information by acquisition), storage (building a permanent record of received information as a result of consolidation) and retrieval (calling back the stored information and use it in a suitable way to execute a given task). |
| | GO:0006936 | | muscle contraction | | A process in which force is generated within muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. |
| | GO:0030336 | | negative regulation of cell migration | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration. |
| | GO:0042321 | | negative regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the duration or quality of sleep, a readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity that occurs periodically in many animals. |
| | GO:0006469 | | negative regulation of protein kinase activity | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity. |
| | GO:0019228 | | neuronal action potential | | An action potential that occurs in a neuron. |
| | GO:0035106 | | operant conditioning | | Learning to anticipate future events on the basis of past experience with the consequences of one's own behavior. |
| | GO:0021769 | | orbitofrontal cortex development | | The progression of the orbitofrontal cortex over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The orbitofrontal cortex is a cerebral cortex region located in the frontal lobe. |
| | GO:0030432 | | peristalsis | | A wavelike sequence of involuntary muscular contraction and relaxation that passes along a tubelike structure, such as the intestine, impelling the contents onwards. |
| | GO:0060158 | | phospholipase C-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway | | The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a dopamine receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation of phospholipase C (PLC) and a subsequent release of inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). |
| | GO:0010579 | | positive regulation of adenylate cyclase activity involved in G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway | | Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of adenylate cyclase (AC) activity that is an integral part of a G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway. |
| | GO:0030819 | | positive regulation of cAMP biosynthetic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the nucleotide cAMP (cyclic AMP, adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate). |
| | GO:0030335 | | positive regulation of cell migration | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration. |
| | GO:0051482 | | positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration involved in phospholipase C-activating G-protein coupled signaling pathway | | Any process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol that occurs as part of a PLC-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway. G-protein-activated PLC hydrolyses phosphatidylinositol-bisphosphate (PIP2) to release diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol trisphosphate (IP3). IP3 then binds to calcium release channels in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to trigger calcium ion release into the cytosol. |
| | GO:2000253 | | positive regulation of feeding behavior | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of feeding behavior. |
| | GO:1900273 | | positive regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of long-term synaptic potentiation. |
| | GO:0045838 | | positive regulation of membrane potential | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane. |
| | GO:0043268 | | positive regulation of potassium ion transport | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. |
| | GO:0051281 | | positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the release into the cytosolic compartment of calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria. |
| | GO:0051968 | | positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic | | Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate. |
| | GO:0060134 | | prepulse inhibition | | The process in which a startle magnitude is reduced when the startling stimulus is preceded by a low-intensity prepulse. |
| | GO:0006606 | | protein import into nucleus | | The directed movement of a protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. |
| | GO:0042053 | | regulation of dopamine metabolic process | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine. |
| | GO:0051584 | | regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the catecholamine neurotransmitter dopamine into a cell. |
| | GO:0043269 | | regulation of ion transport | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. |
| | GO:0048169 | | regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity | | A process that modulates long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change long-term as circumstances require. Long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increase or decrease in actual synapse numbers. |
| | GO:0019229 | | regulation of vasoconstriction | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reductions in the diameter of blood vessels. |
| | GO:0014823 | | response to activity | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an activity stimulus. |
| | GO:0043200 | | response to amino acid | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amino acid stimulus. An amino acid is a carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups. |
| | GO:0001975 | | response to amphetamine | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amphetamine stimulus. Amphetamines consist of a group of compounds related to alpha-methylphenethylamine. |
| | GO:0036276 | | response to antidepressant | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an antidepressant stimulus, a mood-stimulating drug. |
| | GO:0042220 | | response to cocaine | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cocaine stimulus. Cocaine is a crystalline alkaloid obtained from the leaves of the coca plant. |
| | GO:0042493 | | response to drug | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease. |
| | GO:0032355 | | response to estradiol | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by estradiol, a C18 steroid hormone hydroxylated at C3 and C17 that acts as a potent estrogen. |
| | GO:0045471 | | response to ethanol | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ethanol stimulus. |
| | GO:0032094 | | response to food | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a food stimulus; food is anything which, when taken into the body, serves to nourish or build up the tissues or to supply body heat. |
| | GO:0043278 | | response to morphine | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a morphine stimulus. Morphine is an opioid alkaloid, isolated from opium, with a complex ring structure. |
| | GO:0035094 | | response to nicotine | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nicotine stimulus. |
| | GO:0014070 | | response to organic cyclic compound | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus. |
| | GO:0010243 | | response to organonitrogen compound | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organonitrogen stimulus. An organonitrogen compound is formally a compound containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond. |
| | GO:0032526 | | response to retinoic acid | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a retinoic acid stimulus. |
| | GO:0048545 | | response to steroid hormone | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a steroid hormone stimulus. |
| | GO:0046960 | | sensitization | | An increased in a behavioral response to a repeated stimulus. For example, a shock to the tail of the marine snail Aplysia, to which the snail responds by withdrawing its gill, will result in increased gill withdrawal the next time the skin is touched. |
| | GO:0007165 | | signal transduction | | The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. |
| | GO:0035176 | | social behavior | | Behavior directed towards society, or taking place between members of the same species. Occurs predominantly, or only, in individuals that are part of a group. |
| | GO:0021756 | | striatum development | | The progression of the striatum over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The striatum is a region of the forebrain consisting of the caudate nucleus, putamen and fundus striati. |
| | GO:0007416 | | synapse assembly | | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a synapse. This process ends when the synapse is mature (functional). |
| | GO:0001963 | | synaptic transmission, dopaminergic | | The vesicular release of dopamine. from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of dopamine receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse. |
| | GO:0001659 | | temperature homeostasis | | A homeostatic process in which an organism modulates its internal body temperature. |
| | GO:0019226 | | transmission of nerve impulse | | The neurological system process in which a signal is transmitted through the nervous system by a combination of action potential propagation and synaptic transmission. |
| | GO:0042311 | | vasodilation | | An increase in the internal diameter of blood vessels, especially arterioles or capillaries, due to relaxation of smooth muscle cells that line the vessels, and usually resulting in a decrease in blood pressure. |
| | GO:0008542 | | visual learning | | Any process in an organism in which a change in behavior of an individual occurs in response to repeated exposure to a visual cue. |
| cellular component |
| | GO:0030424 | | axon | | The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter. |
| | GO:0043679 | | axon terminus | | Terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters. The axon terminus is considered to be the whole region of thickening and the terminal button is a specialized region of it. |
| | GO:0005901 | | caveola | | A membrane raft that forms small pit, depression, or invagination that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane. Examples include flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane in adipocytes associated with caveolin proteins, and minute pits or incuppings of the cell membrane formed during pinocytosis. Caveolae may be pinched off to form free vesicles within the cytoplasm. |
| | GO:0060170 | | ciliary membrane | | The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a cilium. |
| | GO:0030425 | | dendrite | | A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, often branched, morphology, receives and integrates signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conducts a nerve impulse towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body. |
| | GO:0043198 | | dendritic shaft | | Cylindric portion of the dendrite, directly stemming from the perikaryon, and carrying the dendritic spines. |
| | GO:0043197 | | dendritic spine | | A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment - typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable including "thin", "stubby", "mushroom", and "branched", with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity. |
| | GO:0044327 | | dendritic spine head | | Distal part of the dendritic spine, that carries the post-synaptic density. |
| | GO:0044326 | | dendritic spine neck | | Part of the dendritic spine that connects the dendritic shaft to the head of the dendritic spine. |
| | GO:0005783 | | endoplasmic reticulum | | The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached). |
| | GO:0005789 | | endoplasmic reticulum membrane | | The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum. |
| | GO:0016021 | | integral component of membrane | | The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. |
| | GO:0005887 | | integral component of plasma membrane | | The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. |
| | GO:0016020 | | membrane | | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it. |
| | GO:0043025 | | neuronal cell body | | The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites. |
| | GO:0005634 | | nucleus | | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. |
| | GO:0005886 | | plasma membrane | | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. |