| molecular function |
|---|
| | GO:0031748 | | D1 dopamine receptor binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a D1 dopamine receptor. |
| | GO:0031812 | | P2Y1 nucleotide receptor binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a P2Y1 nucleotide receptor. |
| | GO:0030165 | | PDZ domain binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a PDZ domain of a protein, a domain found in diverse signaling proteins. |
| | GO:0005088 | | Ras guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity | | Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Ras superfamily. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase. |
| | GO:0033130 | | acetylcholine receptor binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an acetylcholine receptor. |
| | GO:0031697 | | beta-1 adrenergic receptor binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a beta-1 adrenergic receptor. |
| | GO:0004385 | | guanylate kinase activity | | Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + GMP = ADP + GDP. |
| | GO:0035255 | | ionotropic glutamate receptor binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an ionotropic glutamate receptor. Ionotropic glutamate receptors bind glutamate and exert an effect through the regulation of ion channels. |
| | GO:0019900 | | kinase binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group. |
| | GO:0015276 | | ligand-gated ion channel activity | | Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. |
| | GO:0097109 | | neuroligin family protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a member of the neuroligin protein family, neuronal cell surface proteins that mediate synapse formation. |
| | GO:0008022 | | protein C-terminus binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein C-terminus, the end of any peptide chain at which the 1-carboxy function of a constituent amino acid is not attached in peptide linkage to another amino-acid residue. |
| | GO:0005515 | | protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| | GO:0032403 | | protein complex binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| | GO:0019903 | | protein phosphatase binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein phosphatase. |
| | GO:0097110 | | scaffold protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a scaffold protein. Scaffold proteins are crucial regulators of many key signaling pathways. Although not strictly defined in function, they are known to interact and/or bind with multiple members of a signaling pathway, tethering them into complexes. |
| biological process |
|---|
| | GO:0097113 | | AMPA glutamate receptor clustering | | The glutamate receptor clustering process in which alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) receptors are localized to distinct domains in the cell membrane. |
| | GO:0046710 | | GDP metabolic process | | The chemical reactions and pathways involving GDP, guanosine 5'-diphosphate. |
| | GO:0046037 | | GMP metabolic process | | The chemical reactions and pathways involving GMP, guanosine monophosphate. |
| | GO:0000165 | | MAPK cascade | | An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a MAPK, a MAPKK and a MAP3K. The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell. |
| | GO:0007268 | | chemical synaptic transmission | | The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse. |
| | GO:0060997 | | dendritic spine morphogenesis | | The process in which the anatomical structures of a dendritic spine are generated and organized. A dendritic spine is a protrusion from a dendrite and a specialized subcellular compartment involved in synaptic transmission. |
| | GO:0045184 | | establishment of protein localization | | The directed movement of a protein to a specific location. |
| | GO:0045197 | | establishment or maintenance of epithelial cell apical/basal polarity | | Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the apicobasal polarity of an epithelial cell. |
| | GO:0034220 | | ion transmembrane transport | | A process in which an ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. |
| | GO:0007612 | | learning | | Any process in an organism in which a relatively long-lasting adaptive behavioral change occurs as the result of experience. |
| | GO:0035641 | | locomotory exploration behavior | | The specific movement from place to place of an organism in response to a novel environment. |
| | GO:0002091 | | negative regulation of receptor internalization | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of receptor internalization. |
| | GO:0007399 | | nervous system development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state. |
| | GO:0050885 | | neuromuscular process controlling balance | | Any process that an organism uses to control its balance, the orientation of the organism (or the head of the organism) in relation to the source of gravity. In humans and animals, balance is perceived through visual cues, the labyrinth system of the inner ears and information from skin pressure receptors and muscle and joint receptors. |
| | GO:0043547 | | positive regulation of GTPase activity | | Any process that activates or increases the activity of a GTPase. |
| | GO:0007204 | | positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration | | Any process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol. |
| | GO:2000463 | | positive regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential | | Any process that enhances the establishment or increases the extent of the excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) which is a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential. |
| | GO:0050806 | | positive regulation of synaptic transmission | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse. |
| | GO:0006461 | | protein complex assembly | | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a protein complex. |
| | GO:0035418 | | protein localization to synapse | | Any process in which a protein is transported to, and/or maintained at the synapse, the junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron or muscle fiber or glial cell. |
| | GO:0097120 | | receptor localization to synapse | | Any process in which a receptor is transported to, and/or maintained at the synapse, the junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron or muscle fiber or glial cell. |
| | GO:2000310 | | regulation of NMDA receptor activity | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of N-methyl-D-aspartate selective glutamate receptor activity. |
| | GO:2000821 | | regulation of grooming behavior | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of grooming behavior. |
| | GO:0048169 | | regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity | | A process that modulates long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change long-term as circumstances require. Long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increase or decrease in actual synapse numbers. |
| | GO:0007165 | | signal transduction | | The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. |
| | GO:0035176 | | social behavior | | Behavior directed towards society, or taking place between members of the same species. Occurs predominantly, or only, in individuals that are part of a group. |
| | GO:0016188 | | synaptic vesicle maturation | | Steps required to form an initiated synaptic vesicle into a fully formed and transmissible synaptic vesicle. |
| | GO:0071625 | | vocalization behavior | | The behavior in which an organism produces sounds by a mechanism involving its respiratory system. |
| cellular component |
|---|
| | GO:0032281 | | AMPA glutamate receptor complex | | An assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex. The AMPA receptors mediate fast synaptic transmission in the CNS and are composed of subunits GluR1-4, products from separate genes. These subunits have an extracellular N-terminus and an intracellular C-terminus. |
| | GO:0030424 | | axon | | The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter. |
| | GO:0016323 | | basolateral plasma membrane | | The region of the plasma membrane that includes the basal end and sides of the cell. Often used in reference to animal polarized epithelial membranes, where the basal membrane is the part attached to the extracellular matrix, or in plant cells, where the basal membrane is defined with respect to the zygotic axis. |
| | GO:0030054 | | cell junction | | A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. At a cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix. |
| | GO:0071944 | | cell periphery | | The part of a cell encompassing the cell cortex, the plasma membrane, and any external encapsulating structures. |
| | GO:0042995 | | cell projection | | A prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon. |
| | GO:0044300 | | cerebellar mossy fiber | | An axon arising from cerebellar projecting cells in the cochlea, vestibular nuclei, spinal cord, reticular formation, cerebellar nuclei and basilar pontine nuclei. Mossy fibers enter through all three cerebellar peduncles and send collaterals to the deep cerebellar nuclei, then branch in the white matter and terminate in the granule cell layer. Through this branching, a given mossy fiber can innervate several folia. Mossy fibers synapse on granule cells. The synaptic contacts are made at enlargements along the length of the mossy fiber called mossy fiber rosettes. The enlargements of the rosettes give the axons as "mossy" appearance in Golgi stained preparations. |
| | GO:0030863 | | cortical cytoskeleton | | The portion of the cytoskeleton that lies just beneath the plasma membrane. |
| | GO:0005737 | | cytoplasm | | All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| | GO:0030425 | | dendrite | | A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, often branched, morphology, receives and integrates signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conducts a nerve impulse towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body. |
| | GO:0032839 | | dendrite cytoplasm | | All of the contents of a dendrite, excluding the surrounding plasma membrane. |
| | GO:0043197 | | dendritic spine | | A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment - typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable including "thin", "stubby", "mushroom", and "branched", with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity. |
| | GO:0030666 | | endocytic vesicle membrane | | The lipid bilayer surrounding an endocytic vesicle. |
| | GO:0005783 | | endoplasmic reticulum | | The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached). |
| | GO:0060076 | | excitatory synapse | | A synapse in which an action potential in the presynaptic cell increases the probability of an action potential occurring in the postsynaptic cell. |
| | GO:0031234 | | extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane | | The component of a plasma membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to its cytoplasmic surface, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. |
| | GO:0008328 | | ionotropic glutamate receptor complex | | A multimeric assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand-gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex. |
| | GO:0044224 | | juxtaparanode region of axon | | A region of an axon near a node of Ranvier that is between the paranode and internode regions. |
| | GO:0016020 | | membrane | | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it. |
| | GO:0044306 | | neuron projection terminus | | The specialized, terminal region of a neuron projection such as an axon or a dendrite. |
| | GO:0044309 | | neuron spine | | A small membranous protrusion, often ending in a bulbous head and attached to the neuron by a narrow stalk or neck. |
| | GO:0005886 | | plasma membrane | | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. |
| | GO:0014069 | | postsynaptic density of dendrite | | An electron dense network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane of the dendrite of asymetric synapses. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. |
| | GO:0045211 | | postsynaptic membrane | | A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters cross the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane. |
| | GO:0045202 | | synapse | | The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron, muscle fiber or glial cell. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane. |
| | GO:0097060 | | synaptic membrane | | A specialized area of membrane on either the presynaptic or the postsynaptic side of a synapse, the junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron or muscle fiber or glial cell. |
| | GO:0008021 | | synaptic vesicle | | A secretory organelle, typically 50 nm in diameter, of presynaptic nerve terminals; accumulates in high concentrations of neurotransmitters and secretes these into the synaptic cleft by fusion with the 'active zone' of the presynaptic plasma membrane. |
| | GO:0008076 | | voltage-gated potassium channel complex | | A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which potassium ions may cross a cell membrane in response to changes in membrane potential. |
Description
