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(-) Description

Title :  HUMAN RENAL DIPEPTIDASE COMPLEXED WITH CILASTATIN
 
Authors :  Y. Nitanai, Y. Satow, H. Adachi, M. Tsujimoto
Date :  03 Feb 02  (Deposition) - 28 Aug 02  (Release) - 13 Jul 11  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  2.00
Chains :  Asym./Biol. Unit :  A,B
Keywords :  Dipeptidase, Glycoprotein, Membrane-Bound, Zinc Protease Beta- Lactamase, Cilastatin, Complex (Hydrolase-Inhibitor), Hydrolase (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  Y. Nitanai, Y. Satow, H. Adachi, M. Tsujimoto
Crystal Structure Of Human Renal Dipeptidase Involved In Beta-Lactam Hydrolysis
J. Mol. Biol. V. 321 177 2002
PubMed-ID: 12144777  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1016/S0022-2836(02)00632-0
(for further references see the PDB file header)

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - RENAL DIPEPTIDASE
    ChainsA, B
    EC Number3.4.13.19
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemPICHIA PASTORIS
    Expression System PlasmidPHILD2
    Expression System StrainGS115
    Expression System Taxid4922
    Expression System Vector TypePLASMID
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606
    SynonymMICROSOMAL DIPEPTIDASE
    TissueRENAL CORTEX

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  12
Asymmetric/Biological Unit AB

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (3, 10)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (3, 10)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1CIL2Ligand/IonCILASTATIN
2NAG4Ligand/IonN-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE
3ZN4Ligand/IonZINC ION

(-) Sites  (10, 10)

Asymmetric Unit (10, 10)
No.NameEvidenceResiduesDescription
01AC1SOFTWAREASN A:41 , THR A:43 , MET A:95 , HOH A:1290 , HOH A:1343BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAG A 461
02AC2SOFTWAREGLU B:38 , ASN B:41 , THR B:43 , HOH B:1515BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAG B 462
03AC3SOFTWAREASN A:316 , HOH B:1107BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAG A 463
04AC4SOFTWAREPHE A:2 , GLU A:6 , ASN B:316 , THR B:318 , HOH B:1489 , HOH B:1601BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAG B 464
05AC5SOFTWAREHIS A:20 , ASP A:22 , GLU A:125 , ZN A:402 , HOH A:421 , CIL A:451BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN A 401
06AC6SOFTWAREGLU A:125 , HIS A:198 , HIS A:219 , ZN A:401 , HOH A:421 , CIL A:451BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN A 402
07AC7SOFTWAREHIS B:20 , ASP B:22 , GLU B:125 , ZN B:412 , HOH B:422 , CIL B:452BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN B 411
08AC8SOFTWAREGLU B:125 , HIS B:198 , HIS B:219 , ZN B:411 , HOH B:422 , CIL B:452BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN B 412
09AC9SOFTWAREASP A:22 , TYR A:68 , HIS A:152 , HIS A:198 , HIS A:219 , ARG A:230 , TYR A:252 , TYR A:255 , ASP A:288 , GLY A:291 , PRO A:293 , ZN A:401 , ZN A:402 , HOH A:421BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE CIL A 451
10BC1SOFTWAREASP B:22 , TYR B:68 , HIS B:152 , HIS B:198 , HIS B:219 , ARG B:230 , TYR B:255 , ASP B:288 , GLY B:291 , VAL B:292 , ZN B:411 , ZN B:412 , HOH B:422BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE CIL B 452

(-) SS Bonds  (5, 5)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
No.Residues
1A:71 -A:154
2A:226 -A:258
3A:361 -B:361
4B:71 -B:154
5B:226 -B:258

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 1ITU)

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (4, 8)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (4, 8)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_036496R246HDPEP1_HUMANUnclassified  ---A/BR230H
2CancerSNPVAR_DPEP1_HUMAN_CCDS10982_1_01 *R246HDPEP1_HUMANDisease (Colorectal cancer)  ---A/BR230H
3UniProtVAR_061375E351KDPEP1_HUMANPolymorphism1126464A/BE335K
4UniProtVAR_061376E351QDPEP1_HUMANPolymorphism1126464A/BE335Q
   * ID not provided by source

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (2, 4)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (2, 4)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1RENAL_DIPEPTIDASE_2PS51365 Renal dipeptidase family profile.DPEP1_HUMAN17-385
 
  2A:1-369
B:1-369
2RENAL_DIPEPTIDASE_1PS00869 Renal dipeptidase active site.DPEP1_HUMAN140-162
 
  2A:124-146
B:124-146

(-) Exons   (10, 20)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (10, 20)
 ENSEMBLUniProtKBPDB
No.Transcript IDExonExon IDGenome LocationLengthIDLocationLengthCountLocationLength
1.2ENST000003930922ENSE00001514166chr16:89687000-89687184185DPEP1_HUMAN-00--
1.3bENST000003930923bENSE00000946266chr16:89696713-89696922210DPEP1_HUMAN1-35352A:1-19
B:1-19
19
19
1.4ENST000003930924ENSE00001312895chr16:89702316-89702448133DPEP1_HUMAN35-79452A:19-63
B:19-63
45
45
1.5ENST000003930925ENSE00001290840chr16:89702672-89702804133DPEP1_HUMAN80-124452A:64-108
B:64-108
45
45
1.6ENST000003930926ENSE00001314206chr16:89702941-89703091151DPEP1_HUMAN124-174512A:108-158
B:108-158
51
51
1.7ENST000003930927ENSE00001292209chr16:89703274-8970334370DPEP1_HUMAN174-197242A:158-181
B:158-181
24
24
1.8ENST000003930928ENSE00001325387chr16:89703612-89703788177DPEP1_HUMAN198-256592A:182-240
B:182-240
59
59
1.9ENST000003930929ENSE00001292673chr16:89703876-8970396085DPEP1_HUMAN257-285292A:241-269
B:241-269
29
29
1.10ENST0000039309210ENSE00001305962chr16:89704040-8970411576DPEP1_HUMAN285-310262A:269-294
B:269-294
26
26
1.11ENST0000039309211ENSE00001314382chr16:89704244-89704379136DPEP1_HUMAN310-355462A:294-339
B:294-339
46
46
1.12aENST0000039309212aENSE00001307235chr16:89704460-89704838379DPEP1_HUMAN356-411562A:340-369
B:340-369
30
30

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:369
 aligned with DPEP1_HUMAN | P16444 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:411

    Alignment length:369
                                    26        36        46        56        66        76        86        96       106       116       126       136       146       156       166       176       186       196       206       216       226       236       246       256       266       276       286       296       306       316       326       336       346       356       366       376         
          DPEP1_HUMAN    17 DFFRDEAERIMRDSPVIDGHNDLPWQLLDMFNNRLQDERANLTTLAGTHTNIPKLRAGFVGGQFWSVYTPCDTQNKDAVRRTLEQMDVVHRMCRMYPETFLYVTSSAGIRQAFREGKVASLIGVEGGHSIDSSLGVLRALYQLGMRYLTLTHSCNTPWADNWLVDTGDSEPQSQGLSPFGQRVVKELNRLGVLIDLAHVSVATMKATLQLSRAPVIFSHSSAYSVCASRRNVPDDVLRLVKQTDSLVMVNFYNNYISCTNKANLSQVADHLDHIKEVAGARAVGFGGDFDGVPRVPEGLEDVSKYPDLIAELLRRNWTEAEVKGALADNLLRVFEAVEQASNLTQAPEEEPIPLDQLGGSCRTHYGYSS 385
               SCOP domains d1itua_ A: Renal dipeptidase                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      SCOP domains
               CATH domains 1ituA00 A:1-369 Metal-dependent hydrolases                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CATH domains
               Pfam domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author hhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeeeehhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhh.........hhhhhhhh.eeeeeeee..hhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eee..hhhhhhhhhhhh.eeeeeeee.hhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhh.eeeee...........hhhhh...........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.eee....hhhhhhhhhhhh....ee...............hhhhhhhhhhhh.eeee..hhhhhh.....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eee..................hhhhhhhhhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...........hhhhh............ Sec.struct. author
             SAPs(SNPs) (1) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------H--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------K---------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs) (1)
             SAPs(SNPs) (2) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------H--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Q---------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs) (2)
                PROSITE (1) RENAL_DIPEPTIDASE_2  PDB: A:1-369 UniProt: 17-385                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 PROSITE (1)
                PROSITE (2) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------RENAL_DIPEPTIDASE_1    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE (2)
           Transcript 1 (1) Exon 1.3b          --------------------------------------------Exon 1.5  PDB: A:64-108 UniProt: 80-124      -------------------------------------------------Exon 1.7  PDB: A:158-181Exon 1.8  PDB: A:182-240 UniProt: 198-256                  ----------------------------Exon 1.10  PDB: A:269-294 ---------------------------------------------Exon 1.12a  PDB: A:340-369     Transcript 1 (1)
           Transcript 1 (2) ------------------Exon 1.4  PDB: A:19-63 UniProt: 35-79        --------------------------------------------Exon 1.6  PDB: A:108-158 UniProt: 124-174          ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.9  PDB: A:241-269     ------------------------Exon 1.11  PDB: A:294-339 UniProt: 310-355    ------------------------------ Transcript 1 (2)
                 1itu A   1 DFFRDEAERIMRDSPVIDGHNDLPWQLLDMFNNRLQDERANLTTLAGTHTNIPKLRAGFVGGQFWSVYTPCDTQNKDAVRRTLEQMDVVHRMCRMYPETFLYVTSSAGIRQAFREGKVASLIGVEGGHSIDSSLGVLRALYQLGMRYLTLTHSCNTPWADNWLVDTGDSEPQSQGLSPFGQRVVKELNRLGVLIDLAHVSVATMKATLQLSRAPVIFSHSSAYSVCASRRNVPDDVLRLVKQTDSLVMVNFYNNYISCTNKANLSQVADHLDHIKEVAGARAVGFGGDFDGVPRVPEGLEDVSKYPDLIAELLRRNWTEAEVKGALADNLLRVFEAVEQASNLTQAPEEEPIPLDQLGGSCRTHYGYSS 369
                                    10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160       170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240       250       260       270       280       290       300       310       320       330       340       350       360         

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:369
 aligned with DPEP1_HUMAN | P16444 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:411

    Alignment length:369
                                    26        36        46        56        66        76        86        96       106       116       126       136       146       156       166       176       186       196       206       216       226       236       246       256       266       276       286       296       306       316       326       336       346       356       366       376         
          DPEP1_HUMAN    17 DFFRDEAERIMRDSPVIDGHNDLPWQLLDMFNNRLQDERANLTTLAGTHTNIPKLRAGFVGGQFWSVYTPCDTQNKDAVRRTLEQMDVVHRMCRMYPETFLYVTSSAGIRQAFREGKVASLIGVEGGHSIDSSLGVLRALYQLGMRYLTLTHSCNTPWADNWLVDTGDSEPQSQGLSPFGQRVVKELNRLGVLIDLAHVSVATMKATLQLSRAPVIFSHSSAYSVCASRRNVPDDVLRLVKQTDSLVMVNFYNNYISCTNKANLSQVADHLDHIKEVAGARAVGFGGDFDGVPRVPEGLEDVSKYPDLIAELLRRNWTEAEVKGALADNLLRVFEAVEQASNLTQAPEEEPIPLDQLGGSCRTHYGYSS 385
               SCOP domains d1itub_ B: Renal dipeptidase                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      SCOP domains
               CATH domains 1ituB00 B:1-369 Metal-dependent hydrolases                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CATH domains
               Pfam domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author hhhhhhhhhhhhhh.eeeeeehhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhh.........hhhhhhhh.eeeeeeee..hhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eee..hhhhhhhhhhhh.eeeeeeee.hhhh..hhhhhhhhhhh.eeeee...........hhhhh...........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.eee....hhhhhhhhhhhh....ee...............hhhhhhhhhhhh.eeee..hhhhhh.....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.eee...............hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh............hhhhh............ Sec.struct. author
             SAPs(SNPs) (1) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------H--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------K---------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs) (1)
             SAPs(SNPs) (2) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------H--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Q---------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs) (2)
                PROSITE (1) RENAL_DIPEPTIDASE_2  PDB: B:1-369 UniProt: 17-385                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 PROSITE (1)
                PROSITE (2) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------RENAL_DIPEPTIDASE_1    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE (2)
           Transcript 1 (1) Exon 1.3b          --------------------------------------------Exon 1.5  PDB: B:64-108 UniProt: 80-124      -------------------------------------------------Exon 1.7  PDB: B:158-181Exon 1.8  PDB: B:182-240 UniProt: 198-256                  ----------------------------Exon 1.10  PDB: B:269-294 ---------------------------------------------Exon 1.12a  PDB: B:340-369     Transcript 1 (1)
           Transcript 1 (2) ------------------Exon 1.4  PDB: B:19-63 UniProt: 35-79        --------------------------------------------Exon 1.6  PDB: B:108-158 UniProt: 124-174          ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.9  PDB: B:241-269     ------------------------Exon 1.11  PDB: B:294-339 UniProt: 310-355    ------------------------------ Transcript 1 (2)
                 1itu B   1 DFFRDEAERIMRDSPVIDGHNDLPWQLLDMFNNRLQDERANLTTLAGTHTNIPKLRAGFVGGQFWSVYTPCDTQNKDAVRRTLEQMDVVHRMCRMYPETFLYVTSSAGIRQAFREGKVASLIGVEGGHSIDSSLGVLRALYQLGMRYLTLTHSCNTPWADNWLVDTGDSEPQSQGLSPFGQRVVKELNRLGVLIDLAHVSVATMKATLQLSRAPVIFSHSSAYSVCASRRNVPDDVLRLVKQTDSLVMVNFYNNYISCTNKANLSQVADHLDHIKEVAGARAVGFGGDFDGVPRVPEGLEDVSKYPDLIAELLRRNWTEAEVKGALADNLLRVFEAVEQASNLTQAPEEEPIPLDQLGGSCRTHYGYSS 369
                                    10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160       170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240       250       260       270       280       290       300       310       320       330       340       350       360         

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (1, 2)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

(-) CATH Domains  (1, 2)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
(-)
Class: Alpha Beta (26913)

(-) Pfam Domains  (0, 0)

(no "Pfam Domain" information available for 1ITU)

(-) Gene Ontology  (35, 35)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A,B   (DPEP1_HUMAN | P16444)
molecular function
    GO:0034235    GPI anchor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor. GPI anchors serve to attach membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of cell membranes.
    GO:0043027    cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity involved in apoptotic process    Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a cysteine-type endopeptidase involved in the apoptotic process.
    GO:0016805    dipeptidase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a dipeptide.
    GO:0008239    dipeptidyl-peptidase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of N-terminal dipeptides from a polypeptide chain.
    GO:0016787    hydrolase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.
    GO:0046872    metal ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
    GO:0070573    metallodipeptidase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a dipeptide by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions.
    GO:0008235    metalloexopeptidase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond not more than three residues from the N- or C-terminus of a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions.
    GO:0008237    metallopeptidase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions.
    GO:0072341    modified amino acid binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a modified amino acid.
    GO:0008233    peptidase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0008270    zinc ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions.
biological process
    GO:0016999    antibiotic metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving an antibiotic, a substance produced by or derived from certain fungi, bacteria, and other organisms, that can destroy or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms.
    GO:0072340    cellular lactam catabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lactams, any cyclic amides of amino carboxylic acids, having a 1-azacycloalkan-2-one structure, or analogues having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring.
    GO:0071277    cellular response to calcium ion    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a calcium ion stimulus.
    GO:0035690    cellular response to drug    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease.
    GO:0071732    cellular response to nitric oxide    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitric oxide stimulus.
    GO:0006749    glutathione metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine, which acts as a coenzyme for some enzymes and as an antioxidant in the protection of sulfhydryl groups in enzymes and other proteins; it has a specific role in the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and oxidized ascorbate, and it participates in the gamma-glutamyl cycle.
    GO:0050667    homocysteine metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving homocysteine, the amino acid alpha-amino-gamma-mercaptobutanoic acid. Homocysteine is an important intermediate in the metabolic reactions of its S-methyl derivative, methionine.
    GO:0006691    leukotriene metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving leukotriene, a pharmacologically active substance derived from a polyunsaturated fatty acid, such as arachidonic acid.
    GO:0043066    negative regulation of apoptotic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
    GO:0030336    negative regulation of cell migration    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.
    GO:0043154    negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in the apoptotic process.
    GO:0006508    proteolysis    The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds.
    GO:0006805    xenobiotic metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving a xenobiotic compound, a compound foreign to living organisms. Used of chemical compounds, e.g. a xenobiotic chemical, such as a pesticide.
cellular component
    GO:0031225    anchored component of membrane    The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products that are tethered to the membrane only by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid group that is embedded in the membrane. Gene products with peptide sequences that are embedded in the membrane are excluded from this grouping.
    GO:0045177    apical part of cell    The region of a polarized cell that forms a tip or is distal to a base. For example, in a polarized epithelial cell, the apical region has an exposed surface and lies opposite to the basal lamina that separates the epithelium from other tissue.
    GO:0016324    apical plasma membrane    The region of the plasma membrane located at the apical end of the cell.
    GO:0042995    cell projection    A prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon.
    GO:0070062    extracellular exosome    A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
    GO:0005615    extracellular space    That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0031528    microvillus membrane    The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a microvillus.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

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 Related Entries

(-) Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
        DPEP1_HUMAN | P164441itq

(-) Related Entries Specified in the PDB File

1itq 1ITQ CONTAINS THE SAME PROTEIN WITHOUT A LIGAND.