molecular function |
| GO:0005125 | | cytokine activity | | Functions to control the survival, growth, differentiation and effector function of tissues and cells. |
| GO:0005149 | | interleukin-1 receptor binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the interleukin-1 receptor. |
| GO:0019904 | | protein domain specific binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific domain of a protein. |
| GO:0005102 | | receptor binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function. |
biological process |
| GO:0000165 | | MAPK cascade | | An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a MAPK, a MAPKK and a MAP3K. The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell. |
| GO:0000187 | | activation of MAPK activity | | The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase (MAPK). |
| GO:0007568 | | aging | | A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700). |
| GO:0006915 | | apoptotic process | | A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died. |
| GO:0007267 | | cell-cell signaling | | Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another. This process includes signal transduction in the receiving cell and, where applicable, release of a ligand and any processes that actively facilitate its transport and presentation to the receiving cell. Examples include signaling via soluble ligands, via cell adhesion molecules and via gap junctions. |
| GO:0071236 | | cellular response to antibiotic | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an antibiotic stimulus. An antibiotic is a chemical substance produced by a microorganism which has the capacity to inhibit the growth of or to kill other microorganisms. |
| GO:0035690 | | cellular response to drug | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease. |
| GO:0071398 | | cellular response to fatty acid | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fatty acid stimulus. |
| GO:0071333 | | cellular response to glucose stimulus | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus. |
| GO:0071396 | | cellular response to lipid | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipid stimulus. |
| GO:0071222 | | cellular response to lipopolysaccharide | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipopolysaccharide stimulus; lipopolysaccharide is a major component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria. |
| GO:0071260 | | cellular response to mechanical stimulus | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus. |
| GO:0071414 | | cellular response to methotrexate | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a methotrexate stimulus. Methotrexate is 4-amino-10-methylformic acid, a folic acid analogue that is a potent competitive inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase. |
| GO:0071407 | | cellular response to organic cyclic compound | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus. |
| GO:0071310 | | cellular response to organic substance | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic substance stimulus. |
| GO:0002439 | | chronic inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus | | A chronic inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus. A chronic inflammatory response persists indefinitely during days, weeks, or months in the life of an individual. |
| GO:0019221 | | cytokine-mediated signaling pathway | | A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a cytokine to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. |
| GO:0035234 | | ectopic germ cell programmed cell death | | Programmed cell death of an errant germ line cell that is outside the normal migratory path or ectopic to the gonad. This is an important mechanism of regulating germ cell survival within the embryo. |
| GO:0007566 | | embryo implantation | | Attachment of the blastocyst to the uterine lining. |
| GO:0008210 | | estrogen metabolic process | | The chemical reactions and pathways involving estrogens, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics. Also found in plants. |
| GO:0097192 | | extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand | | A series of molecular signals in which a signal is conveyed from the cell surface to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with withdrawal of a ligand from a cell surface receptor, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. |
| GO:0001660 | | fever generation | | The heat generation process that results in a rise in body temperature above the normal, often as a response to infection. |
| GO:0009100 | | glycoprotein metabolic process | | The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide. |
| GO:0030213 | | hyaluronan biosynthetic process | | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hyaluronan, the naturally occurring anionic form of hyaluronic acid, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans, the repeat units of which consist of beta-1,4 linked D-glucuronyl-beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. |
| GO:0006955 | | immune response | | Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. |
| GO:0006954 | | inflammatory response | | The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages. |
| GO:0032611 | | interleukin-1 beta production | | The appearance of interleukin-1 beta due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. |
| GO:0007611 | | learning or memory | | The acquisition and processing of information and/or the storage and retrieval of this information over time. |
| GO:0050900 | | leukocyte migration | | The movement of a leukocyte within or between different tissues and organs of the body. |
| GO:0031663 | | lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway | | A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to a receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Lipopolysaccharides are major components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, making them prime targets for recognition by the immune system. |
| GO:0007613 | | memory | | The activities involved in the mental information processing system that receives (registers), modifies, stores, and retrieves informational stimuli. The main stages involved in the formation and retrieval of memory are encoding (processing of received information by acquisition), storage (building a permanent record of received information as a result of consolidation) and retrieval (calling back the stored information and use it in a suitable way to execute a given task). |
| GO:0070487 | | monocyte aggregation | | The adhesion of one monocyte to one or more other monocytes via adhesion molecules. |
| GO:0043407 | | negative regulation of MAP kinase activity | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of MAP kinase activity. |
| GO:0070164 | | negative regulation of adiponectin secretion | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of adiponectin from a cell. |
| GO:2000173 | | negative regulation of branching morphogenesis of a nerve | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of branching morphogenesis of a nerve. |
| GO:0008285 | | negative regulation of cell proliferation | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation. |
| GO:2001240 | | negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand. |
| GO:0010629 | | negative regulation of gene expression | | Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. |
| GO:0010829 | | negative regulation of glucose transport | | Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of glucose transport. Glucose transport is the directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. |
| GO:0014050 | | negative regulation of glutamate secretion | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of glutamate. |
| GO:0046627 | | negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of insulin receptor signaling. |
| GO:0050995 | | negative regulation of lipid catabolic process | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids. |
| GO:0045833 | | negative regulation of lipid metabolic process | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids. |
| GO:2000178 | | negative regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neural precursor cell proliferation. |
| GO:0050768 | | negative regulation of neurogenesis | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neurogenesis, the origin and formation of neurons. |
| GO:0045665 | | negative regulation of neuron differentiation | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation. |
| GO:0000122 | | negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
| GO:0030593 | | neutrophil chemotaxis | | The directed movement of a neutrophil cell, the most numerous polymorphonuclear leukocyte found in the blood, in response to an external stimulus, usually an infection or wounding. |
| GO:0030728 | | ovulation | | The release of a mature ovum/oocyte from an ovary. |
| GO:0019742 | | pentacyclic triterpenoid metabolic process | | The chemical reactions and pathways involving pentacyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units and 5 carbon rings. |
| GO:0030638 | | polyketide metabolic process | | The chemical reactions and pathways involving polyketides, any of a diverse group of natural products synthesized via linear poly-beta-ketones, which are themselves formed by repetitive head-to-tail addition of acetyl (or substituted acetyl) units indirectly derived from acetate (or a substituted acetate) by a mechanism similar to that for fatty acid biosynthesis but without the intermediate reductive steps. |
| GO:0070374 | | positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade. |
| GO:0043123 | | positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling. |
| GO:0046330 | | positive regulation of JNK cascade | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the JNK cascade. |
| GO:0043507 | | positive regulation of JUN kinase activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of JUN kinase activity. |
| GO:0042346 | | positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transfer of NF-kappaB, a transcription factor for eukaryotic RNA polymerase II promoters, from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, across the nuclear membrane. |
| GO:0051092 | | positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB. |
| GO:0002711 | | positive regulation of T cell mediated immunity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell mediated immunity. |
| GO:0042102 | | positive regulation of T cell proliferation | | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of T cell proliferation. |
| GO:0045766 | | positive regulation of angiogenesis | | Any process that activates or increases angiogenesis. |
| GO:0043065 | | positive regulation of apoptotic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. |
| GO:0048711 | | positive regulation of astrocyte differentiation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte differentiation. |
| GO:0060559 | | positive regulation of calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity | | Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity. Calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity is the catalysis of the reaction: calcidiol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = calcitriol + NADP+ + H2O. |
| GO:0060355 | | positive regulation of cell adhesion molecule production | | Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of cell adhesion molecule production. Cell adhesion molecule production is the appearance of a cell adhesion molecule as a result of its biosynthesis or a decrease in its catabolism. |
| GO:0010942 | | positive regulation of cell death | | Any process that increases the rate or frequency of cell death. Cell death is the specific activation or halting of processes within a cell so that its vital functions markedly cease, rather than simply deteriorating gradually over time, which culminates in cell death. |
| GO:0051781 | | positive regulation of cell division | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell division. |
| GO:0045080 | | positive regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chemokines. |
| GO:0007204 | | positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration | | Any process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol. |
| GO:0031622 | | positive regulation of fever generation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of fever generation. |
| GO:0010628 | | positive regulation of gene expression | | Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. |
| GO:0045687 | | positive regulation of glial cell differentiation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glia cell differentiation. |
| GO:0032725 | | positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production. |
| GO:0034116 | | positive regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion. |
| GO:0035066 | | positive regulation of histone acetylation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of an acetyl group to a histone protein. |
| GO:0033129 | | positive regulation of histone phosphorylation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of one or more phosphate groups to a histone protein. |
| GO:0033092 | | positive regulation of immature T cell proliferation in thymus | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of immature T cell proliferation in the thymus. |
| GO:0032729 | | positive regulation of interferon-gamma production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-gamma production. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon. |
| GO:0045086 | | positive regulation of interleukin-2 biosynthetic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-2. |
| GO:0045410 | | positive regulation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-6. |
| GO:0032755 | | positive regulation of interleukin-6 production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-6 production. |
| GO:2000778 | | positive regulation of interleukin-6 secretion | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-6 secretion. |
| GO:0032757 | | positive regulation of interleukin-8 production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-8 production. |
| GO:0050996 | | positive regulation of lipid catabolic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids. |
| GO:0051044 | | positive regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of membrane protein ectodomain peptidolysis. |
| GO:0045840 | | positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitosis. |
| GO:0071639 | | positive regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of production of monocyte chemotactic protein-1. |
| GO:0035505 | | positive regulation of myosin light chain kinase activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myosin light chain kinase activity. |
| GO:0090023 | | positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis | | Any process that increases the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil chemotaxis. Neutrophil chemotaxis is the directed movement of a neutrophil cell, the most numerous polymorphonuclear leukocyte found in the blood, in response to an external stimulus, usually an infection or wounding. |
| GO:0045429 | | positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide. |
| GO:0050766 | | positive regulation of phagocytosis | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phagocytosis. |
| GO:0032308 | | positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a prostaglandin from a cell. |
| GO:0046827 | | positive regulation of protein export from nucleus | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of directed movement of proteins from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. |
| GO:0001934 | | positive regulation of protein phosphorylation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein. |
| GO:0051091 | | positive regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription. |
| GO:0032874 | | positive regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the stress-activated MAPK cascade. |
| GO:0045944 | | positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
| GO:0045893 | | positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. |
| GO:0010575 | | positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production | | Any process that increases or activates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of vascular endothelial growth factor. |
| GO:0030949 | | positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity. |
| GO:0043491 | | protein kinase B signaling | | A series of reactions, mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B (also called AKT), which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound. |
| GO:0006144 | | purine nucleobase metabolic process | | The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine nucleobases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, which include adenine and guanine. |
| GO:0043122 | | regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling | | Any process that modulates I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling. |
| GO:1903140 | | regulation of establishment of endothelial barrier | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of endothelial barrier. |
| GO:0050796 | | regulation of insulin secretion | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin. |
| GO:0050999 | | regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity | | Any process that modulates the activity of the enzyme nitric-oxide synthase. |
| GO:0033198 | | response to ATP | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ATP (adenosine 5'-triphosphate) stimulus. |
| GO:0033591 | | response to L-ascorbic acid | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) stimulus. |
| GO:0009743 | | response to carbohydrate | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbohydrate stimulus. |
| GO:0071548 | | response to dexamethasone | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dexamethasone stimulus. |
| GO:0036270 | | response to diuretic | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a diuretic stimulus. A diuretic is an agent that promotes the excretion of urine through its effects on kidney function. |
| GO:0042493 | | response to drug | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease. |
| GO:0032355 | | response to estradiol | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by estradiol, a C18 steroid hormone hydroxylated at C3 and C17 that acts as a potent estrogen. |
| GO:0045471 | | response to ethanol | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ethanol stimulus. |
| GO:0010332 | | response to gamma radiation | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gamma radiation stimulus. Gamma radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) or light emission of a specific frequency produced from sub-atomic particle interaction, such as electron-positron annihilation and radioactive decay. Gamma rays are generally characterized as EMR having the highest frequency and energy, and also the shortest wavelength, within the electromagnetic radiation spectrum. |
| GO:0051384 | | response to glucocorticoid | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucocorticoid stimulus. Glucocorticoids are hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol with the ability to bind with the cortisol receptor and trigger similar effects. Glucocorticoids act primarily on carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and have anti-inflammatory effects. |
| GO:0009408 | | response to heat | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism. |
| GO:0001666 | | response to hypoxia | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. |
| GO:0032496 | | response to lipopolysaccharide | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipopolysaccharide stimulus; lipopolysaccharide is a major component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria. |
| GO:0043278 | | response to morphine | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a morphine stimulus. Morphine is an opioid alkaloid, isolated from opium, with a complex ring structure. |
| GO:0007584 | | response to nutrient | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nutrient stimulus. |
| GO:0014070 | | response to organic cyclic compound | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus. |
| GO:0010243 | | response to organonitrogen compound | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organonitrogen stimulus. An organonitrogen compound is formally a compound containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond. |
| GO:0010193 | | response to ozone | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ozone stimulus. |
| GO:0043434 | | response to peptide hormone | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide hormone stimulus. A peptide hormone is any of a class of peptides that are secreted into the blood stream and have endocrine functions in living animals. |
| GO:0036273 | | response to statin | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a statin stimulus. Statins are organooxygen compounds whose structure is related to compactin (mevastatin) and which may be used as an anticholesteremic drug due its EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitory properties. |
| GO:0035634 | | response to stilbenoid | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of exposure to a stilbenoid. Stilbenoids are secondary products of heartwood formation in trees that can act as phytoalexins. Stilbenoids are hydroxylated derivatives of stilbene. They belong to the family of phenylpropanoids and share most of their biosynthesis pathway with chalcones. |
| GO:0033280 | | response to vitamin D | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin D stimulus. |
| GO:0030730 | | sequestering of triglyceride | | The process of binding or confining any triester of glycerol such that it is separated from other components of a biological system. |
| GO:0007165 | | signal transduction | | The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. |
| GO:0014805 | | smooth muscle adaptation | | Any process in which smooth muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors. These adaptive events occur in both muscle fibers and associated structures (motoneurons and capillaries), and they involve alterations in regulatory mechanisms, contractile properties and metabolic capacities. |
| GO:0035176 | | social behavior | | Behavior directed towards society, or taking place between members of the same species. Occurs predominantly, or only, in individuals that are part of a group. |
| GO:0042060 | | wound healing | | The series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury. |
cellular component |
| GO:0005776 | | autophagosome | | A double-membrane-bounded compartment that engulfs endogenous cellular material as well as invading microorganisms to target them to the vacuole/lysosome for degradation as part of macroautophagy. |
| GO:0005737 | | cytoplasm | | All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| GO:0031410 | | cytoplasmic vesicle | | A vesicle found in the cytoplasm of a cell. |
| GO:0005829 | | cytosol | | The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. |
| GO:0070062 | | extracellular exosome | | A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm. |
| GO:0005576 | | extracellular region | | The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite. |
| GO:0005615 | | extracellular space | | That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid. |
| GO:0005764 | | lysosome | | A small lytic vacuole that has cell cycle-independent morphology and is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases, most of which have their maximal activities in the pH range 5-6. The contained enzymes display latency if properly isolated. About 40 different lysosomal hydrolases are known and lysosomes have a great variety of morphologies and functions. |
| GO:0030141 | | secretory granule | | A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. Secretory granules move towards the periphery of the cell and upon stimulation, their membranes fuse with the cell membrane, and their protein load is exteriorized. Processing of the contained protein may take place in secretory granules. |
| GO:0031982 | | vesicle | | Any small, fluid-filled, spherical organelle enclosed by membrane. |