molecular function |
| GO:0043531 | | ADP binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ADP, adenosine 5'-diphosphate. |
| GO:0005524 | | ATP binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. |
| GO:0030506 | | ankyrin binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ankyrin, a 200 kDa cytoskeletal protein that attaches other cytoskeletal proteins to integral membrane proteins. |
| GO:0051087 | | chaperone binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a chaperone protein, a class of proteins that bind to nascent or unfolded polypeptides and ensure correct folding or transport. |
| GO:0016787 | | hydrolase activity | | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3. |
| GO:0046872 | | metal ion binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion. |
| GO:0000166 | | nucleotide binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose. |
| GO:0016791 | | phosphatase activity | | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate. |
| GO:0043548 | | phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the addition of a phosphate group to an inositol lipid at the 3' position of the inositol ring. |
| GO:0030955 | | potassium ion binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with potassium (K+) ions. |
| GO:0005515 | | protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| GO:0019904 | | protein domain specific binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific domain of a protein. |
| GO:0019901 | | protein kinase binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate. |
| GO:0031402 | | sodium ion binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with sodium ions (Na+). |
| GO:0005391 | | sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPase activity | | Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Na+(in) + K+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Na+(out) + K+(in). |
| GO:1990239 | | steroid hormone binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a steroid hormone. |
biological process |
| GO:0015991 | | ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport | | The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis. |
| GO:0090662 | | ATP hydrolysis coupled transmembrane transport | | The transport of molecules across a membrane and against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis. |
| GO:0060048 | | cardiac muscle contraction | | Muscle contraction of cardiac muscle tissue. |
| GO:0030007 | | cellular potassium ion homeostasis | | Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of potassium ions at the level of a cell. |
| GO:0071260 | | cellular response to mechanical stimulus | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus. |
| GO:0071383 | | cellular response to steroid hormone stimulus | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a steroid hormone stimulus. |
| GO:0006883 | | cellular sodium ion homeostasis | | Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of sodium ions at the level of a cell. |
| GO:0016311 | | dephosphorylation | | The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule. |
| GO:0015988 | | energy coupled proton transmembrane transport, against electrochemical gradient | | The transport of protons across a membrane and against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from a source such as ATP hydrolysis, light, or electron transport. |
| GO:0010248 | | establishment or maintenance of transmembrane electrochemical gradient | | The directed movement of ions to establish or maintain an electrochemical gradient across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. |
| GO:0006811 | | ion transport | | The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. |
| GO:0060081 | | membrane hyperpolarization | | The process in which membrane potential increases with respect to its steady-state potential, usually from negative potential to a more negative potential. For example, during the repolarization phase of an action potential the membrane potential often becomes more negative or hyperpolarized before returning to the steady-state resting potential. |
| GO:0086009 | | membrane repolarization | | The process in which ions are transported across a membrane such that the membrane potential changes in the repolarizing direction, toward the steady state potential. For example, the repolarization during an action potential is from a positive membrane potential towards a negative resting potential. |
| GO:0031947 | | negative regulation of glucocorticoid biosynthetic process | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucocorticoids. |
| GO:0045822 | | negative regulation of heart contraction | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of heart contraction. |
| GO:0045823 | | positive regulation of heart contraction | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of heart contraction. |
| GO:0045989 | | positive regulation of striated muscle contraction | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle contraction. |
| GO:0010107 | | potassium ion import | | The directed movement of potassium ions into a cell or organelle. |
| GO:1990573 | | potassium ion import across plasma membrane | | The directed movement of potassium ions from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. |
| GO:0006813 | | potassium ion transport | | The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. |
| GO:0008217 | | regulation of blood pressure | | Any process that modulates the force with which blood travels through the circulatory system. The process is controlled by a balance of processes that increase pressure and decrease pressure. |
| GO:0086004 | | regulation of cardiac muscle cell contraction | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell contraction. |
| GO:0002028 | | regulation of sodium ion transport | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. |
| GO:0002026 | | regulation of the force of heart contraction | | Any process that modulates the extent of heart contraction, changing the force with which blood is propelled. |
| GO:0055119 | | relaxation of cardiac muscle | | The process in which the extent of cardiac muscle contraction is reduced. |
| GO:0042493 | | response to drug | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease. |
| GO:1903416 | | response to glycoside | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glycoside stimulus. |
| GO:0036376 | | sodium ion export from cell | | The directed movement of sodium ions out of a cell. |
| GO:0006814 | | sodium ion transport | | The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. |
| GO:0006810 | | transport | | The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) or cellular components (such as complexes and organelles) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter, pore or motor protein. |
cellular component |
| GO:0005794 | | Golgi apparatus | | A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions. |
| GO:0030315 | | T-tubule | | Invagination of the plasma membrane of a muscle cell that extends inward from the cell surface around each myofibril. The ends of T-tubules make contact with the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane. |
| GO:0016324 | | apical plasma membrane | | The region of the plasma membrane located at the apical end of the cell. |
| GO:0016323 | | basolateral plasma membrane | | The region of the plasma membrane that includes the basal end and sides of the cell. Often used in reference to animal polarized epithelial membranes, where the basal membrane is the part attached to the extracellular matrix, or in plant cells, where the basal membrane is defined with respect to the zygotic axis. |
| GO:0005901 | | caveola | | A membrane raft that forms small pit, depression, or invagination that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane. Examples include flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane in adipocytes associated with caveolin proteins, and minute pits or incuppings of the cell membrane formed during pinocytosis. Caveolae may be pinched off to form free vesicles within the cytoplasm. |
| GO:0005783 | | endoplasmic reticulum | | The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached). |
| GO:0005768 | | endosome | | A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered. |
| GO:0070062 | | extracellular exosome | | A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm. |
| GO:1903561 | | extracellular vesicle | | Any vesicle that is part of the extracellular region. |
| GO:0016021 | | integral component of membrane | | The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. |
| GO:0014704 | | intercalated disc | | A complex cell-cell junction at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes; mediates mechanical and electrochemical integration between individual cardiomyocytes. The intercalated disc contains regions of tight mechanical attachment (fasciae adherentes and desmosomes) and electrical coupling (gap junctions) between adjacent cells. |
| GO:0016020 | | membrane | | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it. |
| GO:0045121 | | membrane raft | | Any of the small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. Small rafts can sometimes be stabilized to form larger platforms through protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions. |
| GO:0043209 | | myelin sheath | | An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system. |
| GO:0005886 | | plasma membrane | | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. |
| GO:0043234 | | protein complex | | A stable macromolecular complex composed (only) of two or more polypeptide subunits along with any covalently attached molecules (such as lipid anchors or oligosaccharide) or non-protein prosthetic groups (such as nucleotides or metal ions). Prosthetic group in this context refers to a tightly bound cofactor. The component polypeptide subunits may be identical. |
| GO:0042383 | | sarcolemma | | The outer membrane of a muscle cell, consisting of the plasma membrane, a covering basement membrane (about 100 nm thick and sometimes common to more than one fiber), and the associated loose network of collagen fibers. |
| GO:0005890 | | sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPase complex | | Sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPases are tetrameric proteins, consisting of two large alpha subunits and two smaller beta subunits. The alpha subunits bear the active site and penetrate the membrane, while the beta subunits carry oligosaccharide groups and face the cell exterior. |