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Title :   TERNARY COMPLEX OF HUMAN GLUTATHIONE-DEPENDENT FORMALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE WITH NAD+ AND DODECANOIC ACID

Authors :   P. C. Sanghani, H. Robinson, W. F. Bosron, T. D. Hurley

Date :   30 Jul 02 (Deposition) - 02 Aug 02 (Release) - 24 Feb 09 (Revision)

Method :   X-RAY DIFFRACTION

Resolution :   2.30

Chains :   Asym./Biol. Unit : A,B

Keywords :   Human Glutathione-Dependent Formaldehyde Dehydrogenase, Class Iii Alcohol Dehydrogenase, Oxidoreductase (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google)] )

Reference :   P. C. Sanghani, H. Robinson, W. F. Bosron, T. D. Hurley
Human Glutathione-Dependent Formaldehyde Dehydrogenase. Structures Of Apo, Binary, And Inhibitory Ternary Complexes.
Biochemistry V. 41 10778 2002
PubMed-ID: 12196016 | Reference-DOI: 10.1021/BI0257639
(for further references see the PDB file header)

Molecule 1 - GLUTATHIONE-DEPENDENT FORMALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE
	Chains	:	A, B
	EC Number	:	1.1.1.1
	Engineered	:	YES
	Expression System	:	ESCHERICHIA COLI
	Expression System Plasmid	:	PKK223-3
	Expression System Strain	:	TG-1
	Expression System Taxid	:	562
	Expression System Vector Type	:	PLASMID
	Gene	:	ADH5
	Organism Common	:	HUMAN
	Organism Scientific	:	HOMO SAPIENS
	Organism Taxid	:	9606
	Other Details	:	APOENZYME
	Synonym	:	ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE CLASS III CHI CHAIN

		1	2
Asymmetric/Biological Unit	:	A	B

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (5, 12)

No.	Name	Count	Type	Full Name
1	DAO	2	Ligand/Ion	LAURIC ACID
2	K	2	Ligand/Ion	POTASSIUM ION
3	NAD	2	Ligand/Ion	NICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE
4	PO4	2	Ligand/Ion	PHOSPHATE ION
5	ZN	4	Ligand/Ion	ZINC ION

Asymmetric Unit (12, 12)

No.	Name	Evidence	Residues	Description
01	AC1	SOFTWARE	CYS A:96 , CYS A:99 , CYS A:102 , CYS A:110	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN A 5375
02	AC2	SOFTWARE	CYS A:44 , HIS A:66 , GLU A:67 , CYS A:173 , ARG A:368 , DAO A:5378	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN A 5376
03	AC3	SOFTWARE	CYS B:96 , CYS B:99 , CYS B:102 , CYS B:110	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN B 6375
04	AC4	SOFTWARE	CYS B:44 , HIS B:66 , GLU B:67 , CYS B:173 , DAO B:6378	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN B 6376
05	AC5	SOFTWARE	HOH A:6799 , HOH A:6804 , ALA B:186 , LYS B:187 , GLU B:189 , TYR B:263 , HOH B:6684	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE K B 6501
06	AC6	SOFTWARE	ALA A:186 , LYS A:187 , GLU A:189 , TYR A:263 , HOH A:6728	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE K A 6602
07	AC7	SOFTWARE	LYS A:314 , HOH A:6762 , HOH A:6794 , HOH A:6833 , LYS B:314	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE PO4 A 5001
08	AC8	SOFTWARE	LYS A:83 , LYS A:158 , LYS B:83 , HOH B:6780	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE PO4 A 6002
09	AC9	SOFTWARE	HIS A:45 , THR A:46 , THR A:177 , GLY A:198 , GLY A:200 , GLY A:201 , VAL A:202 , ASP A:222 , ILE A:223 , LYS A:227 , CYS A:267 , ILE A:268 , VAL A:291 , GLY A:292 , VAL A:293 , THR A:316 , ALA A:317 , PHE A:318 , ARG A:368 , DAO A:5378 , HOH A:6605 , HOH A:6606 , HOH A:6608 , HOH A:6609 , HOH A:6635 , HOH A:6656 , HOH A:6660 , HOH A:6767 , HOH A:6788 , HOH A:6792	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAD A 5377
10	BC1	SOFTWARE	HIS B:45 , CYS B:173 , THR B:177 , GLY B:198 , GLY B:200 , GLY B:201 , VAL B:202 , ASP B:222 , ILE B:223 , CYS B:267 , ILE B:268 , VAL B:291 , GLY B:292 , VAL B:293 , THR B:316 , ALA B:317 , PHE B:318 , ARG B:368 , DAO B:6378 , HOH B:6518 , HOH B:6536 , HOH B:6545 , HOH B:6551 , HOH B:6558 , HOH B:6576 , HOH B:6604 , HOH B:6616 , HOH B:6673 , HOH B:6758 , HOH B:6779 , HOH B:6781	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAD B 6377
11	BC2	SOFTWARE	CYS A:44 , THR A:46 , HIS A:66 , TYR A:92 , GLN A:111 , ARG A:114 , CYS A:173 , ZN A:5376 , NAD A:5377 , HOH A:6659 , HOH A:6723 , LYS B:283	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE DAO A 5378
12	BC3	SOFTWARE	LYS A:283 , CYS B:44 , THR B:46 , HIS B:66 , TYR B:92 , GLN B:111 , ARG B:114 , CYS B:173 , ALA B:317 , ZN B:6376 , NAD B:6377 , HOH B:6603	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE DAO B 6378

(no "SS Bond" information available for 1MA0)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

No.	Residues
1	Phe A:60	-	Pro A:61
2	Phe B:60	-	Pro B:61

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (3, 6)

								dbSNP	PDB
No.	Source	Variant ID	Variant			UniProt ID	Status	ID	Chain	Variant
1	UniProt	VAR_025823	L	163	S	ADHX_HUMAN	Polymorphism	28730623	A/B	L	162	S
2	UniProt	VAR_025824	V	309	I	ADHX_HUMAN	Polymorphism	28730628	A/B	V	308	I
3	UniProt	VAR_048199	D	353	E	ADHX_HUMAN	Polymorphism	16996593	A/B	D	352	E

SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (1, 2)

	PROSITE			UniProtKB		PDB
No.	ID	AC	Description	ID	Location	Count	Location
1	ADH_ZINC	PS00059	Zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenases signature.	ADHX_HUMAN	66-80	2	A:65-79 B:65-79

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (9, 18)

	ENSEMBL					UniProtKB			PDB
No.	Transcript ID	Exon	Exon ID	Genome Location	Length	ID	Location	Length	Count	Location	Length
1.1c	ENST00000296412	1c	ENSE00001080657	chr4:99998074-99997855	220	ADHX_HUMAN	115-188	74	2	A:114-187 B:114-187	74 74
1.2c	ENST00000296412	2c	ENSE00002174161	chr4:99997703-99997443	261	ADHX_HUMAN	189-275	87	2	A:188-274 B:188-274	87 87
1.3a	ENST00000296412	3a	ENSE00001309047	chr4:99996200-99996065	136	ADHX_HUMAN	276-321	46	2	A:275-320 B:275-320	46 46
1.4a	ENST00000296412	4a	ENSE00001134769	chr4:99993862-99993724	139	ADHX_HUMAN	321-367	47	2	A:320-366 B:320-366	47 47
1.4c	ENST00000296412	4c	ENSE00001080651	chr4:99993592-99992132	1461	ADHX_HUMAN	367-374	8	2	A:366-373 B:366-373	8 8
1.5b	ENST00000296412	5b	ENSE00002019192	chr4:100009902-100009840	63	ADHX_HUMAN	1-4	4	2	A:1-3 B:1-3	3 3
1.7	ENST00000296412	7	ENSE00001670857	chr4:100006367-100006266	102	ADHX_HUMAN	5-38	34	2	A:4-37 B:4-37	34 34
1.8b	ENST00000296412	8b	ENSE00001134723	chr4:100003267-100003126	142	ADHX_HUMAN	39-86	48	2	A:38-85 B:38-85	48 48
1.9a	ENST00000296412	9a	ENSE00001080654	chr4:100002603-100002516	88	ADHX_HUMAN	86-115	30	2	A:85-114 B:85-114	30 30

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

Reformat:	Number of residues per line = ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
	Number of residues per labelling interval =
	UniProt sequence: complete aligned part

Show mapping:	SCOP domains	CATH domains	Pfam domains	Secondary structure (by author)
	SAPs(SNPs)	PROSITE motifs	Exons
	(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)

Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:373
 aligned with ADHX_HUMAN | P11766 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:374

    Alignment length:373
                                    11        21        31        41        51        61        71        81        91       101       111       121       131       141       151       161       171       181       191       201       211       221       231       241       251       261       271       281       291       301       311       321       331       341       351       361       371   
           ADHX_HUMAN     2 ANEVIKCKAAVAWEAGKPLSIEEIEVAPPKAHEVRIKIIATAVCHTDAYTLSGADPEGCFPVILGHEGAGIVESVGEGVTKLKAGDTVIPLYIPQCGECKFCLNPKTNLCQKIRVTQGKGLMPDGTSRFTCKGKTILHYMGTSTFSEYTVVADISVAKIDPLAPLDKVCLLGCGISTGYGAAVNTAKLEPGSVCAVFGLGGVGLAVIMGCKVAGASRIIGVDINKDKFARAKEFGATECINPQDFSKPIQEVLIEMTDGGVDYSFECIGNVKVMRAALEACHKGWGVSVVVGVAASGEEIATRPFQLVTGRTWKGTAFGGWKSVESVPKLVSEYMSKKIKVDEFVTHNLSFDEINKAFELMHSGKSIRTVVKI 374
               SCOP domains d1ma0a1 A:1-162,A:339-373 Alcohol dehydrogenase                                                                                                                   d1ma0a2 A:163-338 Alcohol dehydrogenase                                                                                                                                         d1ma0a1 A:1-162,A:339-373           SCOP domains
               CATH domains 1ma0A01 A:1-177,A:317-373 Medium-chain alcohol dehydrogenases, catalytic domain                                                                                                  1ma0A02 A:178-316 NAD(P)-binding Rossmann-like Domain                                                                                      1ma0A01 A:1-177,A:317-373                                 CATH domains
               Pfam domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ....eeeeeee........eeeeeee......eeeeeeeeeeehhhhhhhhhh.............eeeeeeeee...........eeee......................hhhhhhh.........eee..eee...........eeeee...eee.....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh........eeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhh..eeehhhhh..hhhhhhhhhh.....eeee...hhhhhhhhhhh......eeee.........eee.hhhhhh..eeee.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhh.eeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhh....eeeee. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------S-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------I-------------------------------------------E--------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ----------------------------------------------------------------ADH_ZINC       ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PROSITE
           Transcript 1 (1) 1.5Exon 1.7  PDB: A:4-37             Exon 1.8b  PDB: A:38-85 UniProt: 39-86          ----------------------------Exon 1.1c  PDB: A:114-187 UniProt: 115-188                                Exon 1.2c  PDB: A:188-274 UniProt: 189-275                                             Exon 1.3a  PDB: A:275-320 UniProt: 276-321    ---------------------------------------------1.4c     Transcript 1 (1)
           Transcript 1 (2) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.9a  PDB: A:85-114      -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.4a  PDB: A:320-366 UniProt: 321-367     ------- Transcript 1 (2)
                 1ma0 A   1 ANEVIKCKAAVAWEAGKPLSIEEIEVAPPKAHEVRIKIIATAVCHTDAYTLSGADPEGCFPVILGHEGAGIVESVGEGVTKLKAGDTVIPLYIPQCGECKFCLNPKTNLCQKIRVTQGKGLMPDGTSRFTCKGKTILHYMGTSTFSEYTVVADISVAKIDPLAPLDKVCLLGCGISTGYGAAVNTAKLEPGSVCAVFGLGGVGLAVIMGCKVAGASRIIGVDINKDKFARAKEFGATECINPQDFSKPIQEVLIEMTDGGVDYSFECIGNVKVMRAALEACHKGWGVSVVVGVAASGEEIATRPFQLVTGRTWKGTAFGGWKSVESVPKLVSEYMSKKIKVDEFVTHNLSFDEINKAFELMHSGKSIRTVVKI 373
                                    10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160       170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240       250       260       270       280       290       300       310       320       330       340       350       360       370

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:373
 aligned with ADHX_HUMAN | P11766 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:374

    Alignment length:373
                                    11        21        31        41        51        61        71        81        91       101       111       121       131       141       151       161       171       181       191       201       211       221       231       241       251       261       271       281       291       301       311       321       331       341       351       361       371   
           ADHX_HUMAN     2 ANEVIKCKAAVAWEAGKPLSIEEIEVAPPKAHEVRIKIIATAVCHTDAYTLSGADPEGCFPVILGHEGAGIVESVGEGVTKLKAGDTVIPLYIPQCGECKFCLNPKTNLCQKIRVTQGKGLMPDGTSRFTCKGKTILHYMGTSTFSEYTVVADISVAKIDPLAPLDKVCLLGCGISTGYGAAVNTAKLEPGSVCAVFGLGGVGLAVIMGCKVAGASRIIGVDINKDKFARAKEFGATECINPQDFSKPIQEVLIEMTDGGVDYSFECIGNVKVMRAALEACHKGWGVSVVVGVAASGEEIATRPFQLVTGRTWKGTAFGGWKSVESVPKLVSEYMSKKIKVDEFVTHNLSFDEINKAFELMHSGKSIRTVVKI 374
               SCOP domains d1ma0b1 B:1-162,B:339-373 Alcohol dehydrogenase                                                                                                                   d1ma0b2 B:163-338 Alcohol dehydrogenase                                                                                                                                         d1ma0b1 B:1-162,B:339-373           SCOP domains
               CATH domains 1ma0B01 B:1-177,B:317-373 Medium-chain alcohol dehydrogenases, catalytic domain                                                                                                  1ma0B02 B:178-316 NAD(P)-binding Rossmann-like Domain                                                                                      1ma0B01 B:1-177,B:317-373                                 CATH domains
           Pfam domains (1) ------------------------------ADH_N-1ma0B01 B:31-159                                                                                                           -----------------------------------------ADH_zinc_N-1ma0B03 B:201-335                                                                                                           -------------------------------------- Pfam domains (1)
           Pfam domains (2) ------------------------------ADH_N-1ma0B02 B:31-159                                                                                                           -----------------------------------------ADH_zinc_N-1ma0B04 B:201-335                                                                                                           -------------------------------------- Pfam domains (2)
         Sec.struct. author ....eeeeeee........eeeeeee......eeeeeeeeee.hhhhhhhhh..............eeeeeeeee...........eeee......................hhhhhhh.........eee..eee...........eeeee...eee.....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh........eeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhh..eeehhhhh..hhhhhhhhhh.....eeee...hhhhhhhhhhh......eeee.........eee.hhhhhh..eeee.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhh.eeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhh....eeeee. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------S-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------I-------------------------------------------E--------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ----------------------------------------------------------------ADH_ZINC       ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PROSITE
           Transcript 1 (1) 1.5Exon 1.7  PDB: B:4-37             Exon 1.8b  PDB: B:38-85 UniProt: 39-86          ----------------------------Exon 1.1c  PDB: B:114-187 UniProt: 115-188                                Exon 1.2c  PDB: B:188-274 UniProt: 189-275                                             Exon 1.3a  PDB: B:275-320 UniProt: 276-321    ---------------------------------------------1.4c     Transcript 1 (1)
           Transcript 1 (2) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.9a  PDB: B:85-114      -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.4a  PDB: B:320-366 UniProt: 321-367     ------- Transcript 1 (2)
                 1ma0 B   1 ANEVIKCKAAVAWEAGKPLSIEEIEVAPPKAHEVRIKIIATAVCHTDAYTLSGADPEGCFPVILGHEGAGIVESVGEGVTKLKAGDTVIPLYIPQCGECKFCLNPKTNLCQKIRVTQGKGLMPDGTSRFTCKGKTILHYMGTSTFSEYTVVADISVAKIDPLAPLDKVCLLGCGISTGYGAAVNTAKLEPGSVCAVFGLGGVGLAVIMGCKVAGASRIIGVDINKDKFARAKEFGATECINPQDFSKPIQEVLIEMTDGGVDYSFECIGNVKVMRAALEACHKGWGVSVVVGVAASGEEIATRPFQLVTGRTWKGTAFGGWKSVESVPKLVSEYMSKKIKVDEFVTHNLSFDEINKAFELMHSGKSIRTVVKI 373
                                    10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160       170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240       250       260       270       280       290       300       310       320       330       340       350       360       370

Legend:		→ Mismatch	(orange background)
	-	→ Gap	(green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
		→ Modified Residue	(blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
	x	→ Chemical Group	(purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
	extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '\|'

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

Classes(

)

Architectures( (-)

)

Topologies( (-)

)

Homologous Superfamilies( (-)

)

Organisms( (-)

)

Class: Alpha Beta (26913)

Architecture: 3-Layer(aba) Sandwich (12045)

Topology: Rossmann fold (7312)

Homologous Superfamily: NAD(P)-binding Rossmann-like Domain (1244)

Human (Homo sapiens) (188)

1a	1ma0A02	A:178-316
1b	1ma0B02	B:178-316

Architecture: Alpha-Beta Complex (3881)

Topology: Quinone Oxidoreductase; Chain A, domain 1 (131)

Homologous Superfamily: Medium-chain alcohol dehydrogenases, catalytic domain (131)

Human (Homo sapiens) (30)

2a	1ma0A01	A:1-177,A:317-373
2b	1ma0B01	B:1-177,B:317-373

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

Clans(

)

Families(

)

Organisms( (-)

)

Clan: GroES (70)

Family: ADH_N (62)

Homo sapiens (Human) (18)

1a	ADH_N-1ma0B01	B:31-159
1b	ADH_N-1ma0B02	B:31-159

Clan: NADP_Rossmann (1239)

Family: ADH_zinc_N (75)

Homo sapiens (Human) (24)

2a	ADH_zinc_N-1ma0B03	B:201-335
2b	ADH_zinc_N-1ma0B04	B:201-335

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)

Chain A,B (ADHX_HUMAN | P11766)

molecular function
	GO:0051903	S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase activity	Catalysis of the reaction: S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione + NAD(P)+ = S-formylglutathione + NAD(P)H + H+.
	GO:0004022	alcohol dehydrogenase (NAD) activity	Catalysis of the reaction: an alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde or ketone + NADH + H+.
	GO:0009055	electron carrier activity	Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport chain. An electron transport chain is a process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.
	GO:0005504	fatty acid binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with fatty acids, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis.
	GO:0018467	formaldehyde dehydrogenase activity	Catalysis of the reaction: formaldehyde + H(2)O + NAD(+) = formate + 2 H(+) + NADH.
	GO:0046872	metal ion binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
	GO:0016491	oxidoreductase activity	Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced.
	GO:0042803	protein homodimerization activity	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer.
	GO:0008270	zinc ion binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions.
biological process
	GO:0006069	ethanol oxidation	An ethanol metabolic process in which ethanol is converted to acetyl-CoA via acetaldehyde and acetate.
	GO:0046294	formaldehyde catabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of formaldehyde (methanal, H2C=O), the simplest aldehyde.
	GO:0055114	oxidation-reduction process	A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons.
	GO:0018119	peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation	The covalent addition of a nitric oxide (NO) group to the sulphur (S) atom of a cysteine residue in a protein, to form peptidyl-S-nitrosyl-L-cysteine.
	GO:0045777	positive regulation of blood pressure	Any process in which the force of blood traveling through the circulatory system is increased.
	GO:0003016	respiratory system process	A system process carried out by the organs and tissues of the respiratory system. The respiratory system is an organ system responsible for respiratory gaseous exchange.
	GO:0032496	response to lipopolysaccharide	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipopolysaccharide stimulus; lipopolysaccharide is a major component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria.
	GO:0051409	response to nitrosative stress	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitrosative stress stimulus. Nitrosative stress is a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of nitric oxide (NO) or the highly reactive oxidant peroxynitrite, which is produced following interaction of NO with superoxide anions.
	GO:0051775	response to redox state	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating redox state. Redox state refers to the balance of oxidized versus reduced forms of electron donors and acceptors in an organelle, cell or organ; plastoquinone, glutathione (GSH/GSSG), and nicotinamide nucleotides (NAD+/NADH and NADP+/NADPH) are among the most important.
	GO:0001523	retinoid metabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways involving retinoids, any member of a class of isoprenoids that contain or are derived from four prenyl groups linked head-to-tail. Retinoids include retinol and retinal and structurally similar natural derivatives or synthetic compounds, but need not have vitamin A activity.
cellular component
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
	GO:0005829	cytosol	The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
	GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
	GO:0005739	mitochondrion	A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
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	Cis Peptide Bonds
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Access by PDB/NDB ID
	1ma0
		Family and Domain Information	:	ProDom \| SYSTERS
		General Structural Information	:	GlycoscienceDB \| MMDB \| NDB \| OCA \| PDB \| PDBe \| PDBj \| PDBsum \| PDBWiki \| PQS \| PROTEOPEDIA
		Orientation in Membranes	:	OPM
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		Structural Genomics	:	GeneCensus
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	ADHX_HUMAN \| P11766
		Comparative Protein Structure Models	:	ModBase
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	1.1.1.1
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		Pathway	:	KEGG \| MetaCyc

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		Domain Information	:	XDom
		Interatomic Contacts of Structural Units	:	CSU
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	ADHX_HUMAN \| P11766
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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
	ADHX_HUMAN \| P11766	:	1m6h 1m6w 1mc5 1mp0 1teh 2fze 2fzw 3qj5

Description

Compounds

Structural Features

Chains, Units

Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions (5, 12)

Sites (12, 12)

SS Bonds (0, 0)

Cis Peptide Bonds (2, 2)

Sequence-Structure Mapping

SAPs(SNPs)/Variants (3, 6)

PROSITE Motifs (1, 2)

Exons (9, 18)

Sequences/Alignments

Classification and Annotation

SCOP Domains (2, 4)

CATH Domains (2, 4)

Pfam Domains (2, 4)

Gene Ontology (23, 23)

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Related Entries

Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

Related Entries Specified in the PDB File