molecular function |
| GO:0019899 | | enzyme binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any enzyme. |
| GO:0020037 | | heme binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring. |
| GO:0004392 | | heme oxygenase (decyclizing) activity | | Catalysis of the reaction: heme + 3 donor-H2 + 3 O2 = biliverdin + Fe2+ + CO + 3 acceptor + 3 H2O. |
| GO:0046872 | | metal ion binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion. |
| GO:0016491 | | oxidoreductase activity | | Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced. |
| GO:0004630 | | phospholipase D activity | | Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphatidylcholine + H2O = choline + a phosphatidate. |
| GO:0005515 | | protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| GO:0042803 | | protein homodimerization activity | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer. |
| GO:0004871 | | signal transducer activity | | Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response. |
biological process |
| GO:0001525 | | angiogenesis | | Blood vessel formation when new vessels emerge from the proliferation of pre-existing blood vessels. |
| GO:0006915 | | apoptotic process | | A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died. |
| GO:0008219 | | cell death | | Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a cell. A cell should be considered dead when any one of the following molecular or morphological criteria is met: (1) the cell has lost the integrity of its plasma membrane; (2) the cell, including its nucleus, has undergone complete fragmentation into discrete bodies (frequently referred to as apoptotic bodies). The cell corpse (or its fragments) may be engulfed by an adjacent cell in vivo, but engulfment of whole cells should not be considered a strict criteria to define cell death as, under some circumstances, live engulfed cells can be released from phagosomes (see PMID:18045538). |
| GO:0006879 | | cellular iron ion homeostasis | | Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of iron ions at the level of a cell. |
| GO:0071243 | | cellular response to arsenic-containing substance | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an arsenic stimulus from compounds containing arsenic, including arsenates, arsenites, and arsenides. |
| GO:0071276 | | cellular response to cadmium ion | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cadmium (Cd) ion stimulus. |
| GO:0034605 | | cellular response to heat | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism. |
| GO:0071456 | | cellular response to hypoxia | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. |
| GO:0031670 | | cellular response to nutrient | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nutrient stimulus. |
| GO:0034101 | | erythrocyte homeostasis | | Any process of regulating the production and elimination of erythrocytes within an organism. |
| GO:0042167 | | heme catabolic process | | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring. |
| GO:0042168 | | heme metabolic process | | The chemical reactions and pathways involving heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring. |
| GO:0006788 | | heme oxidation | | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the loss of electrons from one or more atoms in heme. |
| GO:0035556 | | intracellular signal transduction | | The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell. |
| GO:0008630 | | intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage | | A series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced by the detection of DNA damage, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. |
| GO:0055072 | | iron ion homeostasis | | Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of iron ions within an organism or cell. |
| GO:0097421 | | liver regeneration | | The regrowth of lost or destroyed liver. |
| GO:0043392 | | negative regulation of DNA binding | | Any process that stops or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA binding. DNA binding is any process in which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). |
| GO:0008285 | | negative regulation of cell proliferation | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation. |
| GO:1904036 | | negative regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell apoptotic process. |
| GO:1902042 | | negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors. |
| GO:0032764 | | negative regulation of mast cell cytokine production | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell cytokine production. |
| GO:0043305 | | negative regulation of mast cell degranulation | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of mast cell degranulation. |
| GO:0010656 | | negative regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process | | Any process that decreases the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death. |
| GO:0043524 | | negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons. |
| GO:0043433 | | negative regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription. |
| GO:0048662 | | negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation. |
| GO:1904706 | | negative regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. |
| GO:0055114 | | oxidation-reduction process | | A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons. |
| GO:0006644 | | phospholipid metabolic process | | The chemical reactions and pathways involving phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester. |
| GO:0043123 | | positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling. |
| GO:0045766 | | positive regulation of angiogenesis | | Any process that activates or increases angiogenesis. |
| GO:0048661 | | positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation | | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation. |
| GO:0051260 | | protein homooligomerization | | The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of identical component monomers. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer. |
| GO:0008217 | | regulation of blood pressure | | Any process that modulates the force with which blood travels through the circulatory system. The process is controlled by a balance of processes that increase pressure and decrease pressure. |
| GO:0051090 | | regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription. |
| GO:0034395 | | regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to iron | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter in response to an iron stimulus. |
| GO:0043619 | | regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to oxidative stress | | Modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. |
| GO:0043627 | | response to estrogen | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by an estrogen, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics. |
| GO:0042542 | | response to hydrogen peroxide | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stimulus. |
| GO:0001666 | | response to hypoxia | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. |
| GO:0035094 | | response to nicotine | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nicotine stimulus. |
| GO:0006979 | | response to oxidative stress | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. |
| GO:0007264 | | small GTPase mediated signal transduction | | Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals. |
| GO:0002246 | | wound healing involved in inflammatory response | | The series of events that restore integrity to damaged tissue that contribute to an inflammatory response. |
cellular component |
| GO:0005901 | | caveola | | A membrane raft that forms small pit, depression, or invagination that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane. Examples include flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane in adipocytes associated with caveolin proteins, and minute pits or incuppings of the cell membrane formed during pinocytosis. Caveolae may be pinched off to form free vesicles within the cytoplasm. |
| GO:0005829 | | cytosol | | The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. |
| GO:0005783 | | endoplasmic reticulum | | The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached). |
| GO:0005789 | | endoplasmic reticulum membrane | | The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum. |
| GO:0043231 | | intracellular membrane-bounded organelle | | Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane. |
| GO:0016020 | | membrane | | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it. |
| GO:0005730 | | nucleolus | | A small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is rich in RNA and protein, is not bounded by a limiting membrane, and is not seen during mitosis. Its prime function is the transcription of the nucleolar DNA into 45S ribosomal-precursor RNA, the processing of this RNA into 5.8S, 18S, and 28S components of ribosomal RNA, and the association of these components with 5S RNA and proteins synthesized outside the nucleolus. This association results in the formation of ribonucleoprotein precursors; these pass into the cytoplasm and mature into the 40S and 60S subunits of the ribosome. |
| GO:0005634 | | nucleus | | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. |
| GO:0048471 | | perinuclear region of cytoplasm | | Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus. |
| GO:0005886 | | plasma membrane | | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. |