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(-) Description

Title :  SMALL G PROTEIN ARF6-GDP
 
Authors :  J. Menetrey, J. Cherfils
Date :  06 Apr 00  (Deposition) - 18 Apr 00  (Release) - 24 Feb 09  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  2.28
Chains :  Asym./Biol. Unit :  A
Keywords :  G Protein, Ras, Arf, Arf6, Membrane Traffic (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  J. Menetrey, E. Macia, S. Pasqualato, M. Franco, J. Cherfils
Structure Of Arf6-Gdp Suggests A Basis For Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors Specificity
Nat. Struct. Biol. V. 7 466 2000
PubMed-ID: 10881192  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1038/75863

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - ADP-RIBOSYLATION FACTOR 6
    ChainsA
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemESCHERICHIA COLI
    Expression System Taxid562
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  1
Asymmetric/Biological Unit A

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (3, 3)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (3, 3)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1BME1Ligand/IonBETA-MERCAPTOETHANOL
2GDP1Ligand/IonGUANOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE
3NH41Ligand/IonAMMONIUM ION

(-) Sites  (3, 3)

Asymmetric Unit (3, 3)
No.NameEvidenceResiduesDescription
1AC1SOFTWARETHR A:27 , ASP A:63 , GDP A:200 , HOH A:2089 , HOH A:2090 , HOH A:2091BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NH4 A 202
2AC2SOFTWAREALA A:23 , ALA A:24 , GLY A:25 , LYS A:26 , THR A:27 , THR A:28 , TYR A:31 , GLU A:50 , ASN A:122 , LYS A:123 , ASP A:125 , LEU A:126 , CYS A:155 , ALA A:156 , THR A:157 , NH4 A:202 , HOH A:2014 , HOH A:2087 , HOH A:2088 , HOH A:2089BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE GDP A 200
3AC3SOFTWAREARG A:15 , GLY A:80 , CYS A:155BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE BME A 201

(-) SS Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "SS Bond" information available for 1E0S)

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 1E0S)

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (0, 0)

(no "SAP(SNP)/Variant" information available for 1E0S)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (1, 1)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (1, 1)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1ARFPS51417 small GTPase Arf family profile.ARF6_HUMAN7-173  1A:7-173
ARF6_MOUSE7-173  1A:7-173
ARF6_RAT7-173  1A:7-173

(-) Exons   (0, 0)

(no "Exon" information available for 1E0S)

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:173
 aligned with ARF6_HUMAN | P62330 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:175

    Alignment length:173
                                    11        21        31        41        51        61        71        81        91       101       111       121       131       141       151       161       171   
           ARF6_HUMAN     2 GKVLSKIFGNKEMRILMLGLDAAGKTTILYKLKLGQSVTTIPTVGFNVETVTYKNVKFNVWDVGGQDKIRPLWRHYYTGTQGLIFVVDCADRDRIDEARQELHRIINDREMRDAIILIFANKQDLPDAMKPHEIQEKLGLTRIRDRNWYVQPSCATSGDGLYEGLTWLTSNYK 174
               SCOP domains d1e0sa_ A: ADP-ribosylation factor                                                                                                                                            SCOP domains
               CATH domains 1e0sA00 A:2-174 P-loop containing nucleotide triphosphate hydrolases                                                                                                          CATH domains
               Pfam domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author hhhhhhhhh...eeeeeeee...hhhhhhhhh.....eeeeee..eeeeeeee..eeeeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhh....eeeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..eeeeeee........hhhhhhhhhhhhhh....eeeee.......hhhhhhhhhhhhh. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                PROSITE (2) -----ARF  PDB: A:7-173 UniProt: 7-173                                                                                                                                       - PROSITE (2)
                 Transcript ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 1e0s A   2 GKVLSKIFGNKEMRILMLGLDAAGKTTILYKLKLGQSVTTIPTVGFNVETVTYKNVKFNVWDVGGQDKIRPLWRHYYTGTQGLIFVVDCADRDRIDEARQELHRIINDREMRDAIILIFANKQDLPDAMKPHEIQEKLGLTRIRDRNWYVQPSCATSGDGLYEGLTWLTSNYK 174
                                    11        21        31        41        51        61        71        81        91       101       111       121       131       141       151       161       171   

Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:173
 aligned with ARF6_MOUSE | P62331 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:175

    Alignment length:173
                                    11        21        31        41        51        61        71        81        91       101       111       121       131       141       151       161       171   
           ARF6_MOUSE     2 GKVLSKIFGNKEMRILMLGLDAAGKTTILYKLKLGQSVTTIPTVGFNVETVTYKNVKFNVWDVGGQDKIRPLWRHYYTGTQGLIFVVDCADRDRIDEARQELHRIINDREMRDAIILIFANKQDLPDAMKPHEIQEKLGLTRIRDRNWYVQPSCATSGDGLYEGLTWLTSNYK 174
               SCOP domains d1e0sa_ A: ADP-ribosylation factor                                                                                                                                            SCOP domains
               CATH domains 1e0sA00 A:2-174 P-loop containing nucleotide triphosphate hydrolases                                                                                                          CATH domains
               Pfam domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author hhhhhhhhh...eeeeeeee...hhhhhhhhh.....eeeeee..eeeeeeee..eeeeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhh....eeeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..eeeeeee........hhhhhhhhhhhhhh....eeeee.......hhhhhhhhhhhhh. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                PROSITE (2) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE (2)
                PROSITE (3) -----ARF  PDB: A:7-173 UniProt: 7-173                                                                                                                                       - PROSITE (3)
                 Transcript ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 1e0s A   2 GKVLSKIFGNKEMRILMLGLDAAGKTTILYKLKLGQSVTTIPTVGFNVETVTYKNVKFNVWDVGGQDKIRPLWRHYYTGTQGLIFVVDCADRDRIDEARQELHRIINDREMRDAIILIFANKQDLPDAMKPHEIQEKLGLTRIRDRNWYVQPSCATSGDGLYEGLTWLTSNYK 174
                                    11        21        31        41        51        61        71        81        91       101       111       121       131       141       151       161       171   

Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:173
 aligned with ARF6_RAT | P62332 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:175

    Alignment length:173
                                    11        21        31        41        51        61        71        81        91       101       111       121       131       141       151       161       171   
             ARF6_RAT     2 GKVLSKIFGNKEMRILMLGLDAAGKTTILYKLKLGQSVTTIPTVGFNVETVTYKNVKFNVWDVGGQDKIRPLWRHYYTGTQGLIFVVDCADRDRIDEARQELHRIINDREMRDAIILIFANKQDLPDAMKPHEIQEKLGLTRIRDRNWYVQPSCATSGDGLYEGLTWLTSNYK 174
               SCOP domains d1e0sa_ A: ADP-ribosylation factor                                                                                                                                            SCOP domains
               CATH domains 1e0sA00 A:2-174 P-loop containing nucleotide triphosphate hydrolases                                                                                                          CATH domains
               Pfam domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author hhhhhhhhh...eeeeeeee...hhhhhhhhh.....eeeeee..eeeeeeee..eeeeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhh....eeeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..eeeeeee........hhhhhhhhhhhhhh....eeeee.......hhhhhhhhhhhhh. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE -----ARF  PDB: A:7-173 UniProt: 7-173                                                                                                                                       - PROSITE
                 Transcript ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 1e0s A   2 GKVLSKIFGNKEMRILMLGLDAAGKTTILYKLKLGQSVTTIPTVGFNVETVTYKNVKFNVWDVGGQDKIRPLWRHYYTGTQGLIFVVDCADRDRIDEARQELHRIINDREMRDAIILIFANKQDLPDAMKPHEIQEKLGLTRIRDRNWYVQPSCATSGDGLYEGLTWLTSNYK 174
                                    11        21        31        41        51        61        71        81        91       101       111       121       131       141       151       161       171   

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (1, 1)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

(-) CATH Domains  (1, 1)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
(-)
Class: Alpha Beta (26913)

(-) Pfam Domains  (0, 0)

(no "Pfam Domain" information available for 1E0S)

(-) Gene Ontology  (53, 143)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A   (ARF6_RAT | P62332)
molecular function
    GO:0005525    GTP binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate.
    GO:0000166    nucleotide binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose.
    GO:0047485    protein N-terminus binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein N-terminus, the end of any peptide chain at which the 2-amino (or 2-imino) function of a constituent amino acid is not attached in peptide linkage to another amino-acid residue.
    GO:0031996    thioesterase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any thioesterase enzyme.
biological process
    GO:0030036    actin cytoskeleton organization    A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins.
    GO:0030154    cell differentiation    The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state.
    GO:0030866    cortical actin cytoskeleton organization    A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of actin-based cytoskeletal structures in the cell cortex, i.e. just beneath the plasma membrane.
    GO:0090162    establishment of epithelial cell polarity    The specification and formation of anisotropic intracellular organization of an epithelial cell.
    GO:0097284    hepatocyte apoptotic process    Any apoptotic process in a hepatocyte, the main structural component of the liver.
    GO:0001889    liver development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the liver over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The liver is an exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes.
    GO:0033028    myeloid cell apoptotic process    Any apoptotic process in a myeloid cell, a cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, mast cell, megakaryocyte, or erythroid lineage.
    GO:2000171    negative regulation of dendrite development    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite development.
    GO:0007399    nervous system development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state.
    GO:0030838    positive regulation of actin filament polymerization    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of actin polymerization.
    GO:0090004    positive regulation of establishment of protein localization to plasma membrane    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein to a specific location in the plasma membrane.
    GO:0034394    protein localization to cell surface    A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.
    GO:0036010    protein localization to endosome    A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within an endosome.
    GO:0015031    protein transport    The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
    GO:0035020    regulation of Rac protein signal transduction    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rac protein signal transduction.
    GO:0060998    regulation of dendritic spine development    Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of dendritic spine development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dendritic spine over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
    GO:0051489    regulation of filopodium assembly    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of a filopodium, a thin, stiff protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal growth cone.
    GO:0031529    ruffle organization    A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a ruffle, a projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell.
    GO:0007264    small GTPase mediated signal transduction    Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals.
    GO:0006810    transport    The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) or cellular components (such as complexes and organelles) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter, pore or motor protein.
    GO:0016192    vesicle-mediated transport    A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane.
cellular component
    GO:0005794    Golgi apparatus    A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.
    GO:0005938    cell cortex    The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins.
    GO:0042995    cell projection    A prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0005769    early endosome    A membrane-bounded organelle that receives incoming material from primary endocytic vesicles that have been generated by clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytosis; vesicles fuse with the early endosome to deliver cargo for sorting into recycling or degradation pathways.
    GO:0030139    endocytic vesicle    A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle formed by invagination of the plasma membrane around an extracellular substance. Endocytic vesicles fuse with early endosomes to deliver the cargo for further sorting.
    GO:0005768    endosome    A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered.
    GO:0010008    endosome membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome.
    GO:0070062    extracellular exosome    A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
    GO:0031527    filopodium membrane    The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a filopodium.
    GO:0005925    focal adhesion    Small region on the surface of a cell that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments.
    GO:0005622    intracellular    The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0043209    myelin sheath    An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
    GO:0055037    recycling endosome    An organelle consisting of a network of tubules that functions in targeting molecules, such as receptors transporters and lipids, to the plasma membrane.
    GO:0055038    recycling endosome membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding a recycling endosome.
    GO:0001726    ruffle    Projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell; the protrusions are supported by a microfilament meshwork.

Chain A   (ARF6_HUMAN | P62330)
molecular function
    GO:0005525    GTP binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate.
    GO:0003924    GTPase activity    Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate.
    GO:0000166    nucleotide binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose.
    GO:0047485    protein N-terminus binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein N-terminus, the end of any peptide chain at which the 2-amino (or 2-imino) function of a constituent amino acid is not attached in peptide linkage to another amino-acid residue.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0031996    thioesterase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any thioesterase enzyme.
biological process
    GO:0007155    cell adhesion    The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules.
    GO:0007049    cell cycle    The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division.
    GO:0030154    cell differentiation    The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state.
    GO:0051301    cell division    The process resulting in division and partitioning of components of a cell to form more cells; may or may not be accompanied by the physical separation of a cell into distinct, individually membrane-bounded daughter cells.
    GO:0030866    cortical actin cytoskeleton organization    A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of actin-based cytoskeletal structures in the cell cortex, i.e. just beneath the plasma membrane.
    GO:0090162    establishment of epithelial cell polarity    The specification and formation of anisotropic intracellular organization of an epithelial cell.
    GO:0097284    hepatocyte apoptotic process    Any apoptotic process in a hepatocyte, the main structural component of the liver.
    GO:0001889    liver development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the liver over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The liver is an exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes.
    GO:0006928    movement of cell or subcellular component    The directed, self-propelled movement of a cell or subcellular component without the involvement of an external agent such as a transporter or a pore.
    GO:0033028    myeloid cell apoptotic process    Any apoptotic process in a myeloid cell, a cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, mast cell, megakaryocyte, or erythroid lineage.
    GO:2000171    negative regulation of dendrite development    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite development.
    GO:0048261    negative regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of receptor mediated endocytosis, the uptake of external materials by cells, utilizing receptors to ensure specificity of transport.
    GO:0007399    nervous system development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state.
    GO:0030838    positive regulation of actin filament polymerization    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of actin polymerization.
    GO:0090004    positive regulation of establishment of protein localization to plasma membrane    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein to a specific location in the plasma membrane.
    GO:0034394    protein localization to cell surface    A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.
    GO:0036010    protein localization to endosome    A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within an endosome.
    GO:0015031    protein transport    The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
    GO:0035020    regulation of Rac protein signal transduction    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rac protein signal transduction.
    GO:0060998    regulation of dendritic spine development    Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of dendritic spine development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dendritic spine over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
    GO:0051489    regulation of filopodium assembly    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of a filopodium, a thin, stiff protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal growth cone.
    GO:0031529    ruffle organization    A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a ruffle, a projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell.
    GO:0007264    small GTPase mediated signal transduction    Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals.
    GO:0006810    transport    The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) or cellular components (such as complexes and organelles) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter, pore or motor protein.
    GO:0016192    vesicle-mediated transport    A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane.
cellular component
    GO:0005794    Golgi apparatus    A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.
    GO:0005938    cell cortex    The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins.
    GO:0042995    cell projection    A prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon.
    GO:0032154    cleavage furrow    The cleavage furrow is a plasma membrane invagination at the cell division site. The cleavage furrow begins as a shallow groove and eventually deepens to divide the cytoplasm.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0005769    early endosome    A membrane-bounded organelle that receives incoming material from primary endocytic vesicles that have been generated by clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytosis; vesicles fuse with the early endosome to deliver cargo for sorting into recycling or degradation pathways.
    GO:0030139    endocytic vesicle    A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle formed by invagination of the plasma membrane around an extracellular substance. Endocytic vesicles fuse with early endosomes to deliver the cargo for further sorting.
    GO:0005768    endosome    A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered.
    GO:0010008    endosome membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome.
    GO:0070062    extracellular exosome    A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
    GO:0031527    filopodium membrane    The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a filopodium.
    GO:0005925    focal adhesion    Small region on the surface of a cell that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments.
    GO:0005622    intracellular    The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0030496    midbody    A thin cytoplasmic bridge formed between daughter cells at the end of cytokinesis. The midbody forms where the contractile ring constricts, and may persist for some time before finally breaking to complete cytokinesis.
    GO:0043209    myelin sheath    An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
    GO:0055037    recycling endosome    An organelle consisting of a network of tubules that functions in targeting molecules, such as receptors transporters and lipids, to the plasma membrane.
    GO:0055038    recycling endosome membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding a recycling endosome.
    GO:0001726    ruffle    Projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell; the protrusions are supported by a microfilament meshwork.

Chain A   (ARF6_MOUSE | P62331)
molecular function
    GO:0005525    GTP binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate.
    GO:0003924    GTPase activity    Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate.
    GO:0000166    nucleotide binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose.
    GO:0047485    protein N-terminus binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein N-terminus, the end of any peptide chain at which the 2-amino (or 2-imino) function of a constituent amino acid is not attached in peptide linkage to another amino-acid residue.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0031996    thioesterase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any thioesterase enzyme.
biological process
    GO:0007049    cell cycle    The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division.
    GO:0030154    cell differentiation    The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state.
    GO:0051301    cell division    The process resulting in division and partitioning of components of a cell to form more cells; may or may not be accompanied by the physical separation of a cell into distinct, individually membrane-bounded daughter cells.
    GO:0030866    cortical actin cytoskeleton organization    A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of actin-based cytoskeletal structures in the cell cortex, i.e. just beneath the plasma membrane.
    GO:0090162    establishment of epithelial cell polarity    The specification and formation of anisotropic intracellular organization of an epithelial cell.
    GO:0097284    hepatocyte apoptotic process    Any apoptotic process in a hepatocyte, the main structural component of the liver.
    GO:0001889    liver development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the liver over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The liver is an exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes.
    GO:0033028    myeloid cell apoptotic process    Any apoptotic process in a myeloid cell, a cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, mast cell, megakaryocyte, or erythroid lineage.
    GO:2000171    negative regulation of dendrite development    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite development.
    GO:0007399    nervous system development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state.
    GO:0030838    positive regulation of actin filament polymerization    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of actin polymerization.
    GO:0090004    positive regulation of establishment of protein localization to plasma membrane    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein to a specific location in the plasma membrane.
    GO:0034394    protein localization to cell surface    A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.
    GO:0036010    protein localization to endosome    A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within an endosome.
    GO:0015031    protein transport    The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
    GO:0035020    regulation of Rac protein signal transduction    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rac protein signal transduction.
    GO:0060998    regulation of dendritic spine development    Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of dendritic spine development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dendritic spine over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
    GO:0051489    regulation of filopodium assembly    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of a filopodium, a thin, stiff protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal growth cone.
    GO:0034143    regulation of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway.
    GO:0031529    ruffle organization    A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a ruffle, a projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell.
    GO:0007264    small GTPase mediated signal transduction    Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals.
    GO:0006810    transport    The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) or cellular components (such as complexes and organelles) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter, pore or motor protein.
    GO:0016192    vesicle-mediated transport    A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane.
cellular component
    GO:0005794    Golgi apparatus    A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.
    GO:0005938    cell cortex    The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins.
    GO:0042995    cell projection    A prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon.
    GO:0032154    cleavage furrow    The cleavage furrow is a plasma membrane invagination at the cell division site. The cleavage furrow begins as a shallow groove and eventually deepens to divide the cytoplasm.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0005769    early endosome    A membrane-bounded organelle that receives incoming material from primary endocytic vesicles that have been generated by clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytosis; vesicles fuse with the early endosome to deliver cargo for sorting into recycling or degradation pathways.
    GO:0030139    endocytic vesicle    A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle formed by invagination of the plasma membrane around an extracellular substance. Endocytic vesicles fuse with early endosomes to deliver the cargo for further sorting.
    GO:0005768    endosome    A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered.
    GO:0010008    endosome membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome.
    GO:0070062    extracellular exosome    A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
    GO:0031527    filopodium membrane    The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a filopodium.
    GO:0005925    focal adhesion    Small region on the surface of a cell that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments.
    GO:0005622    intracellular    The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0030496    midbody    A thin cytoplasmic bridge formed between daughter cells at the end of cytokinesis. The midbody forms where the contractile ring constricts, and may persist for some time before finally breaking to complete cytokinesis.
    GO:0043209    myelin sheath    An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
    GO:0055037    recycling endosome    An organelle consisting of a network of tubules that functions in targeting molecules, such as receptors transporters and lipids, to the plasma membrane.
    GO:0055038    recycling endosome membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding a recycling endosome.
    GO:0001726    ruffle    Projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell; the protrusions are supported by a microfilament meshwork.

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 Related Entries

(-) Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
        ARF6_HUMAN | P623302a5d 2a5f 2a5g 2bao 2bau 2j5x 2w83 3lvq 3lvr 3n5c 3pcr 4fme 4kax
        ARF6_MOUSE | P623313vhx

(-) Related Entries Specified in the PDB File

1hur HUMAN ADP-RIBOSYLATION FACTOR 1 COMPLEXED WITH GDP, FULL LENGTH NON-MYRISTOYLATED