2V5E - JenaLib

Asymmetric Unit (Jmol Viewer)

Asym. Unit - sites (Jmol Viewer)

Biological Unit 1 (Jmol Viewer)

Biol. Unit 1 - sites (Jmol Viewer)

Title :   THE STRUCTURE OF THE GDNF:CORECEPTOR COMPLEX: INSIGHTS INTO RET SIGNALLING AND HEPARIN BINDING.

Authors :   V. Parkash, V. -M. Leppanen, H. Virtanen, J. -M. Jurvansuu, M. M. Bespalov, Y. A. Sidorova, P. Runeberg-Roos, M. Saarma, A. Goldman

Date :   03 Oct 08 (Deposition) - 21 Oct 08 (Release) - 05 Feb 14 (Revision)

Method :   X-RAY DIFFRACTION

Resolution :   2.35

Chains :   Asym. Unit : A,B
Biol. Unit 1: A,B  (2x)

Keywords :   Receptor/Glycoprotein Complex, Alternative Splicing, Cell Membrane, Growth Factor, Ligand-Coreceptor, Gpi-Anchor, Lipoprotein, Polymorphism, Glycoprotein, Membrane, Receptor, Secreted, Gfralpha1, Cleavage On Pair Of Basic Residues (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google)] )

Reference :   V. Parkash, V. -M. Leppanen, H. Virtanen, J. -M. Jurvansuu, M. M. Bespalov, Y. A. Sidorova, P. Runeberg-Roos, M. Saarma, A. Goldman
The Structure Of The Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor-Coreceptor Complex: Insights Into Ret Signaling And Heparin Binding.
J. Biol. Chem. V. 283 35164 2008
PubMed-ID: 18845535 | Reference-DOI: 10.1074/JBC.M802543200

Molecule 1 - GDNF FAMILY RECEPTOR ALPHA-1
	Chains	:	A
	Engineered	:	YES
	Expression System	:	SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA
	Expression System Cell Line	:	SF9
	Expression System Plasmid	:	PFASTBAC
	Expression System Taxid	:	7108
	Expression System Vector Type	:	BACULOVIRUS
	Fragment	:	RESIDUES 150-349
	Organism Common	:	NORWAY RAT
	Organism Scientific	:	RATTUS NORVEGICUS
	Organism Taxid	:	10116
	Synonym	:	GFR-ALPHA-1, GDNF RECEPTOR ALPHA, GDNFR-ALPHA, TGF-BETA-RELATED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR RECEPTOR 1, RET LIGAND 1

Molecule 2 - GLIAL CELL LINE-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR
	Chains	:	B
	Engineered	:	YES
	Expression System	:	SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA
	Expression System Cell Line	:	SF9
	Expression System Plasmid	:	PFASTBAC
	Expression System Taxid	:	7108
	Expression System Vector Type	:	BACULOVIRUS
	Fragment	:	RESIDUES 111-211
	Organism Common	:	HUMAN
	Organism Scientific	:	HOMO SAPIENS
	Organism Taxid	:	9606
	Synonym	:	ASTROCYTE-DERIVED TROPHIC FACTOR, HGDNF, ATF

		1	2
Asymmetric Unit	:	A	B
Biological Unit 1 (2x)	:	A	B

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

Asymmetric Unit (3, 6)

No.	Name	Count	Type	Full Name
1	EDO	4	Ligand/Ion	1,2-ETHANEDIOL
2	NAG	1	Ligand/Ion	N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE
3	SCR	1	Ligand/Ion	SUCROSE OCTASULFATE

Biological Unit 1 (3, 12)

No.	Name	Count	Type	Full Name
1	EDO	8	Ligand/Ion	1,2-ETHANEDIOL
2	NAG	2	Ligand/Ion	N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE
3	SCR	2	Ligand/Ion	SUCROSE OCTASULFATE

Asymmetric Unit (6, 6)

No.	Name	Evidence	Residues	Description
1	AC1	SOFTWARE	ARG A:190 , LYS A:194 , ARG A:197 , GLN A:198 , LYS A:202 , ASN A:253 , TYR A:254 , ILE A:255 , EDO A:1351 , EDO A:1352 , EDO A:1353 , HOH A:2077 , HOH A:2124 , HOH A:2125 , HOH A:2126 , HOH A:2127 , HOH A:2128 , GLN B:34 , ARG B:35 , GLY B:36 , LYS B:37 , ARG B:39 , ASP B:73 , ALA B:74 , ALA B:75 , LYS B:84 , HOH B:2052	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE SCR A1350
2	AC2	SOFTWARE	ASP A:201 , ARG A:259 , SCR A:1350 , EDO A:1352 , EDO A:1353 , LYS B:84	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE EDO A1351
3	AC3	SOFTWARE	ARG A:197 , GLN A:198 , ASP A:201 , LYS A:202 , SCR A:1350 , EDO A:1351	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE EDO A1352
4	AC4	SOFTWARE	TYR A:254 , SER A:258 , ARG A:259 , SCR A:1350 , EDO A:1351 , HOH A:2129 , ASN B:85	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE EDO A1353
5	AC5	SOFTWARE	LYS A:191 , LYS A:194 , GLN A:198 , HOH A:2130	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE EDO A1354
6	AC6	SOFTWARE	LYS A:279 , HIS B:47 , ASN B:49 , HOH B:2093	BINDING SITE FOR MONO-SACCHARIDE NAG B1135 BOUND TO ASN B 49

Asymmetric Unit

No.	Residues
1	A:154	-	A:214
2	A:161	-	A:167
3	A:178	-	A:192
4	A:187	-	A:233
5	A:216	-	A:221
6	A:243	-	A:313
7	A:250	-	A:256
8	A:267	-	A:285
9	A:277	-	A:337
10	A:315	-	A:325
11	B:41	-	B:102
12	B:68	-	B:131
13	B:72	-	B:133
14	B:101	-	B:101

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 2V5E)

Asymmetric Unit (3, 3)

								dbSNP	PDB
No.	Source	Variant ID	Variant			UniProt ID	Status	ID	Chain	Variant
1	UniProt	VAR_009496	D	150	N	GDNF_HUMAN	Unclassified (HSCR3)	76466003	B	D	73	N
2	UniProt	VAR_009497	T	154	S	GDNF_HUMAN	Disease (HSCR3)	104893891	B	T	77	S
3	UniProt	VAR_018152	I	211	M	GDNF_HUMAN	Disease (HSCR3)	121918536	B	I	134	M

SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Biological Unit 1 (3, 6)

								dbSNP	PDB
No.	Source	Variant ID	Variant			UniProt ID	Status	ID	Chain	Variant
1	UniProt	VAR_009496	D	150	N	GDNF_HUMAN	Unclassified (HSCR3)	76466003	B	D	73	N
2	UniProt	VAR_009497	T	154	S	GDNF_HUMAN	Disease (HSCR3)	104893891	B	T	77	S
3	UniProt	VAR_018152	I	211	M	GDNF_HUMAN	Disease (HSCR3)	121918536	B	I	134	M

SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

(no "PROSITE Motif" information available for 2V5E)

(no "Exon" information available for 2V5E)

Asymmetric Unit

Reformat:	Number of residues per line = ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
	Number of residues per labelling interval =
	UniProt sequence: complete aligned part

Show mapping:	SCOP domains	CATH domains	Pfam domains	Secondary structure (by author)
	SAPs(SNPs)	PROSITE motifs	Exons
	(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)

Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:200
 aligned with GFRA1_RAT | Q62997 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:468

    Alignment length:200
                                   159       169       179       189       199       209       219       229       239       249       259       269       279       289       299       309       319       329       339       349
            GFRA1_RAT   150 KGNNCLDAAKACNLDDTCKKYRSAYITPCTTSMSNEVCNRRKCHKALRQFFDKVPAKHSYGMLFCSCRDIACTERRRQTIVPVCSYEERERPNCLSLQDSCKTNYICRSRLADFFTNCQPESRSVSNCLKENYADCLLAYSGLIGTVMTPNYVDSSSLSVAPWCDCSNSGNDLEDCLKFLNFFKDNTCLKNAIQAFGNGS 349
               SCOP domains -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
           Pfam domains (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------GDNF-2v5eA01 A:243-337                                                                         ------------ Pfam domains (1)
           Pfam domains (2) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------GDNF-2v5eA02 A:243-337                                                                         ------------ Pfam domains (2)
         Sec.struct. author ..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhh..hhhhhh......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.............hhhhhhhhhhhh......eee.......eee......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 2v5e A 150 KGNNCLDAAKACNLDDTCKKYRSAYITPCTTSMSNEVCNRRKCHKALRQFFDKVPAKHSYGMLFCSCRDIACTERRRQTIVPVCSYEERERPNCLSLQDSCKTNYICRSRLADFFTNCQPESRSVSNCLKENYADCLLAYSGLIGTVMTPNYVDSSSLSVAPWCDCSNSGNDLEDCLKFLNFFKDNTCLKNAIQAFGNGS 349
                                   159       169       179       189       199       209       219       229       239       249       259       269       279       289       299       309       319       329       339       349

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:101
 aligned with GDNF_HUMAN | P39905 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:211

    Alignment length:101
                                   120       130       140       150       160       170       180       190       200       210 
           GDNF_HUMAN   111 QRGKNRGCVLTAIHLNVTDLGLGYETKEELIFRYCSGSCDAAETTYDKILKNLSRNRRLVSDKVGQACCRPIAFDDDLSFLDDNLVYHILRKHSAKRCGCI 211
               SCOP domains d2v5eb_ B: automated matches                                                                          SCOP domains
               CATH domains 2v5eB00 B:34-134 Cystine-knot cytokines                                                               CATH domains
               Pfam domains ----TGF_beta-2v5eB01 B:38-134                                                                         Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ........eeeeeeee.hhhh.......eeeeeeee.......hhhhhhhhhhhhh...........eeeeeee...eeee.....eeee....eeeeeee Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------------------------------------N---S--------------------------------------------------------M SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 2v5e B  34 QRGKNRGCVLTAIHLNVTDLGLGYETKEELIFRYCSGSCDAAETTYDKILKNLSRNRRLVSDKVGQACCRPIAFDDDLSFLDDNLVYHILRKHSAKRCGCI 134
                                    43        53        63        73        83        93       103       113       123       133

Legend:		→ Mismatch	(orange background)
	-	→ Gap	(green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
		→ Modified Residue	(blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
	x	→ Chemical Group	(purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
	extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '\|'

Asymmetric Unit

Classes(

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Folds(

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Superfamilies( (-)

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Families(

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Protein Domains( (-)

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Organisms( (-)

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Class: Small proteins (3458)

Fold: Cystine-knot cytokines (124)

Superfamily: Cystine-knot cytokines (124)

Family: Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta (41)

Protein domain: automated matches (7)

Human (Homo sapiens) [TaxId: 9606] (7)

d2v5eb_

Asymmetric Unit

Classes(

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Architectures( (-)

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Topologies( (-)

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Homologous Superfamilies( (-)

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Organisms( (-)

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Class: Mainly Beta (13760)

Architecture: Ribbon (789)

Topology: Cystine Knot Cytokines, subunit B (102)

Homologous Superfamily: Cystine-knot cytokines (102)

Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus) (4)

2v5eB00

B:34-134

Asymmetric Unit

Clans(

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Families(

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Organisms( (-)

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Clan: Cystine-knot (56)

Family: TGF_beta (29)

Homo sapiens (Human) (28)

TGF_beta-2v5eB01

B:38-134

Clan: no clan defined [family: GDNF] (2)

Family: GDNF (2)

Rattus norvegicus (Rat) (2)

2a	GDNF-2v5eA01	A:243-337
2b	GDNF-2v5eA02	A:243-337

Asymmetric Unit(hide GO term definitions)

Chain A (GFRA1_RAT | Q62997)

molecular function
	GO:0005178	integrin binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an integrin.
	GO:0005515	protein binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
	GO:0004872	receptor activity	Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity.
biological process
	GO:0007568	aging	A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700).
	GO:0016477	cell migration	The controlled self-propelled movement of a cell from one site to a destination guided by molecular cues. Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms.
	GO:0001822	kidney development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The kidney is an organ that filters the blood and/or excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine.
	GO:0008584	male gonad development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the male gonad over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
	GO:0030182	neuron differentiation	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron.
	GO:0031175	neuron projection development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites).
cellular component
	GO:0031225	anchored component of membrane	The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products that are tethered to the membrane only by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid group that is embedded in the membrane. Gene products with peptide sequences that are embedded in the membrane are excluded from this grouping.
	GO:0030424	axon	The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter.
	GO:0009897	external side of plasma membrane	The leaflet of the plasma membrane that faces away from the cytoplasm and any proteins embedded or anchored in it or attached to its surface.
	GO:0005615	extracellular space	That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
	GO:0016020	membrane	A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
	GO:0043025	neuronal cell body	The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites.
	GO:0005886	plasma membrane	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
	GO:0043235	receptor complex	Any protein complex that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.

Chain B (GDNF_HUMAN | P39905)

molecular function
	GO:0005088	Ras guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity	Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Ras superfamily. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase.
	GO:0008083	growth factor activity	The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation.
	GO:0005515	protein binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
	GO:0042803	protein homodimerization activity	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer.
	GO:0005102	receptor binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.
biological process
	GO:0000165	MAPK cascade	An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a MAPK, a MAPKK and a MAP3K. The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell.
	GO:0008344	adult locomotory behavior	Locomotory behavior in a fully developed and mature organism.
	GO:0001658	branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis	The process in which the branching structure of the ureteric bud is generated and organized. The ureteric bud is an epithelial tube that grows out from the metanephric duct. The bud elongates and branches to give rise to the ureter and kidney collecting tubules.
	GO:0048484	enteric nervous system development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the enteric nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The enteric nervous system is composed of two ganglionated neural plexuses in the gut wall which form one of the three major divisions of the autonomic nervous system. The enteric nervous system innervates the gastrointestinal tract, the pancreas, and the gall bladder. It contains sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. Thus the circuitry can autonomously sense the tension and the chemical environment in the gut and regulate blood vessel tone, motility, secretions, and fluid transport. The system is itself governed by the central nervous system and receives both parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation.
	GO:0048255	mRNA stabilization	Prevention of degradation of mRNA molecules. In the absence of compensating changes in other processes, the slowing of mRNA degradation can result in an overall increase in the population of active mRNA molecules.
	GO:0003337	mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis	A transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity,forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the metanephros.
	GO:0001656	metanephros development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In mammals, the metanephros is the excretory organ of the fetus, which develops into the mature kidney and is formed from the rear portion of the nephrogenic cord. The metanephros is an endocrine and metabolic organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine.
	GO:0043066	negative regulation of apoptotic process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
	GO:2001240	negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand.
	GO:0043524	negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons.
	GO:0007399	nervous system development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state.
	GO:0001755	neural crest cell migration	The characteristic movement of cells from the dorsal ridge of the neural tube to a variety of locations in a vertebrate embryo.
	GO:0031175	neuron projection development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites).
	GO:0001759	organ induction	The interaction of two or more cells or tissues that causes them to change their fates and specify the development of an organ.
	GO:0007422	peripheral nervous system development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the peripheral nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The peripheral nervous system is one of the two major divisions of the nervous system. Nerves in the PNS connect the central nervous system (CNS) with sensory organs, other organs, muscles, blood vessels and glands.
	GO:0030432	peristalsis	A wavelike sequence of involuntary muscular contraction and relaxation that passes along a tubelike structure, such as the intestine, impelling the contents onwards.
	GO:0043547	positive regulation of GTPase activity	Any process that activates or increases the activity of a GTPase.
	GO:0090190	positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis	Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis, the process in which the branching structure of the ureteric bud is generated and organized. The ureteric bud is an epithelial tube that grows out from the metanephric duct. The bud elongates and branches to give rise to the ureter and kidney collecting tubules.
	GO:0045597	positive regulation of cell differentiation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation.
	GO:0008284	positive regulation of cell proliferation	Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
	GO:0033603	positive regulation of dopamine secretion	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of dopamine.
	GO:0072108	positive regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis	Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity, forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the metanephros.
	GO:0032770	positive regulation of monooxygenase activity	Any process that activates or increases the activity of a monooxygenase.
	GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
	GO:0072107	positive regulation of ureteric bud formation	Any process that increases the rate or extent of the developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the ureteric bud from the Wolffian duct.
	GO:0021784	postganglionic parasympathetic fiber development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the postganglionic portion of the parasympathetic fiber over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The parasympathetic fiber is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system. Parasympathetic nerves emerge cranially as pre ganglionic fibers from oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus and from the sacral region of the spinal cord. Most neurons are cholinergic and responses are mediated by muscarinic receptors. The parasympathetic system innervates, for example: salivary glands, thoracic and abdominal viscera, bladder and genitalia.
	GO:0001941	postsynaptic membrane organization	A process which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a postsynaptic membrane, the specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft).
	GO:0051584	regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the catecholamine neurotransmitter dopamine into a cell.
	GO:0010468	regulation of gene expression	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
	GO:0060688	regulation of morphogenesis of a branching structure	Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of branching morphogenesis, the process in which the anatomical structures of branches are generated and organized.
	GO:2000736	regulation of stem cell differentiation	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell differentiation.
	GO:0007165	signal transduction	The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.
	GO:0048485	sympathetic nervous system development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the sympathetic nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The sympathetic nervous system is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system (the other being the parasympathetic nervous system). The sympathetic preganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord and connect to the paravertebral chain of sympathetic ganglia. Innervate heart and blood vessels, sweat glands, viscera and the adrenal medulla. Most sympathetic neurons, but not all, use noradrenaline as a post-ganglionic neurotransmitter.
	GO:0001657	ureteric bud development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ureteric bud over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
	GO:0060676	ureteric bud formation	The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the ureteric bud from the Wolffian duct. This process begins when the bud protrudes from the duct and ends when it is a recognizable bud.
cellular component
	GO:0005576	extracellular region	The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
	GO:0005622	intracellular	The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm.

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	Cis Peptide Bonds
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Access by PDB/NDB ID
	2v5e
		Family and Domain Information	:	ProDom \| SYSTERS
		General Structural Information	:	GlycoscienceDB \| MMDB \| NDB \| OCA \| PDB \| PDBe \| PDBj \| PDBsum \| PDBWiki \| PQS \| PROTEOPEDIA
		Orientation in Membranes	:	OPM
		Protein Surface	:	SURFACE
		Secondary Structure	:	DSSP (structure derived) \| HSSP (homology derived)
		Structural Genomics	:	GeneCensus
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	GFRA1_RAT \| Q62997
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	GDNF_HUMAN \| P39905	:	3fub 4ux8
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1agq	GLIAL CELL-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR FROM RAT

Description

Compounds

Structural Features

Chains, Units

Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions (3, 6)

Sites (6, 6)

SS Bonds (14, 14)

Cis Peptide Bonds (0, 0)

Sequence-Structure Mapping

SAPs(SNPs)/Variants (3, 3)

PROSITE Motifs (0, 0)

Exons (0, 0)

Sequences/Alignments

Classification and Annotation

SCOP Domains (1, 1)

CATH Domains (1, 1)

Pfam Domains (2, 3)

Gene Ontology (57, 59)

Visualization

Interactive Views

Still Images

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Databases

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Related Entries

Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

Related Entries Specified in the PDB File