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(-) Description

Title :  11-23 OBESTATIN FRAGMENT IN DPC/SDS MICELLAR SOLUTION
 
Authors :  A. M. D'Ursi, M. Scrima, C. Esposito, P. Campiglia
Date :  05 Jul 07  (Deposition) - 21 Oct 08  (Release) - 24 Feb 09  (Revision)
Method :  SOLUTION NMR
Resolution :  NOT APPLICABLE
Chains :  NMR Structure  :  A  (25x)
Keywords :  11-23 Obestatin Fragment, Micellar Solution, Dpc, Sds, Alternative Splicing, Amidation, Hormone, Lipoprotein, Secreted (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google)] )
 
Reference :  M. Scrima, P. Campiglia, C. Esposito, I. Gomez-Monterrey, E. Novellino, A. M. D'Ursi
Obestatin Conformational Features: A Strategy To Unveil Obestatin'S Biological Role?
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. V. 363 500 2007
PubMed-ID: 17904104  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1016/J.BBRC.2007.08.200
(for further references see the PDB file header)

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - APPETITE-REGULATING HORMONE, OBESTATIN
    Chains: A
    Engineered: YES
    Fragment: RESIDUES 86-98
    Other Details: THE PEPTIDES WERE CHEMICAL SYNTHESIZED
    Synonym: GROWTH HORMONE SECRETAGOGUE, GROWTH HORMONE- RELEASING PEPTIDE, MOTILIN-RELATED PEPTIDE, PROTEIN M46, GHRELIN, OBESTATIN
    Synthetic: YES

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  
NMR Structure (25x): 

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (1, 1)

NMR Structure (1, 1)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1NH21Mod. Amino AcidAMINO GROUP

(-) Sites  (1, 1)

NMR Structure (1, 1)
No.NameEvidenceResiduesDescription
1AC1SOFTWAREALA A:22 , LEU A:23BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NH2 A 224

(-) SS Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "SS Bond" information available for 2JSI)

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 2JSI)

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (0, 0)

(no "SAP(SNP)/Variant" information available for 2JSI)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (0, 0)

(no "PROSITE Motif" information available for 2JSI)

(-) Exons   (0, 0)

(no "Exon" information available for 2JSI)

(-) Sequences/Alignments

NMR Structure
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it) 
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:14
 aligned with GHRL_MOUSE | Q9EQX0 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:117

    Alignment length:15
                                    95     
           GHRL_MOUSE    86 LSGAQYQQHGRALGK 100
               SCOP domains --------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains --------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains Motilin_assoc-- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .............-. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) --------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE --------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript --------------- Transcript
                 2jsi A  11 LSGAQYQQHGRAL-x 224
                                    20  | |
                                       23 |
                                        224-NH2
   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (0, 0)

(no "SCOP Domain" information available for 2JSI)

(-) CATH Domains  (0, 0)

(no "CATH Domain" information available for 2JSI)

(-) Pfam Domains  (1, 1)

NMR Structure
(-)
Clan: no clan defined [family: Motilin_assoc] (3)

(-) Gene Ontology  (46, 46)

NMR Structure(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A   (GHRL_MOUSE | Q9EQX0)
molecular function
    GO:0001664    G-protein coupled receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a G-protein coupled receptor.
    GO:0031768    ghrelin receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ghrelin receptor.
    GO:0016608    growth hormone-releasing hormone activity    The action characteristic of growth hormone-releasing hormone, any of a family of peptide hormones that act on the anterior pituitary to stimulate the secretion of growth hormone and exert a trophic effect on the gland.
    GO:0005179    hormone activity    The action characteristic of a hormone, any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action. The term was originally applied to agents with a stimulatory physiological action in vertebrate animals (as opposed to a chalone, which has a depressant action). Usage is now extended to regulatory compounds in lower animals and plants, and to synthetic substances having comparable effects; all bind receptors and trigger some biological process.
    GO:0030296    protein tyrosine kinase activator activity    Increases the activity of a protein tyrosine kinase, an enzyme which phosphorylates a tyrosyl phenolic group on a protein.
biological process
    GO:0007186    G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The pathway can start from the plasma membrane, Golgi or nuclear membrane (PMID:24568158 and PMID:16902576).
    GO:0008154    actin polymerization or depolymerization    Assembly or disassembly of actin filaments by the addition or removal of actin monomers from a filament.
    GO:0000187    activation of MAPK activity    The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase (MAPK).
    GO:0008343    adult feeding behavior    Feeding behavior in a fully developed and mature organism.
    GO:0046697    decidualization    The cellular and vascular changes occurring in the endometrium of the pregnant uterus just after the onset of blastocyst implantation. This process involves the proliferation and differentiation of the fibroblast-like endometrial stromal cells into large, polyploid decidual cells that eventually form the maternal component of the placenta.
    GO:0016358    dendrite development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dendrite over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A dendrite is a freely branching protoplasmic process of a nerve cell.
    GO:0060079    excitatory postsynaptic potential    A process that leads to a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential.
    GO:0001696    gastric acid secretion    The regulated release of gastric acid (hydrochloric acid) by parietal or oxyntic cells during digestion.
    GO:0009755    hormone-mediated signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of a hormone.
    GO:0043066    negative regulation of apoptotic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
    GO:0042322    negative regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, REM sleep    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the duration or quality of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.
    GO:0001937    negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate or extent of endothelial cell proliferation.
    GO:2000506    negative regulation of energy homeostasis    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of energy homeostasis.
    GO:0050728    negative regulation of inflammatory response    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response.
    GO:0046676    negative regulation of insulin secretion    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin.
    GO:0032691    negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta production    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-1 beta production.
    GO:0045409    negative regulation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-6.
    GO:0040013    negative regulation of locomotion    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of locomotion of a cell or organism.
    GO:0042536    negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tumor necrosis factor, an inflammatory cytokine produced by macrophages/monocytes during acute inflammation and which is responsible for a diverse range of signaling events within cells, leading to necrosis or apoptosis.
    GO:0032100    positive regulation of appetite    Any process that increases appetite.
    GO:0046010    positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep    Any process that activates or increases the duration or quality of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep.
    GO:0051461    positive regulation of corticotropin secretion    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of corticotropin hormone from a cell.
    GO:0051464    positive regulation of cortisol secretion    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cortisol from a cell.
    GO:0007204    positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration    Any process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol.
    GO:2000507    positive regulation of energy homeostasis    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of energy homeostasis.
    GO:0060124    positive regulation of growth hormone secretion    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of growth hormone from a cell.
    GO:0032024    positive regulation of insulin secretion    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin.
    GO:0061098    positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity    Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein tyrosine kinase activity.
    GO:0032097    positive regulation of response to food    Any process that activates, maintains, or increases the rate of a response to a food stimulus.
    GO:0051965    positive regulation of synapse assembly    Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synapse assembly, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a synapse.
    GO:0042127    regulation of cell proliferation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation.
    GO:0032095    regulation of response to food    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a response to a food stimulus.
    GO:0043627    response to estrogen    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by an estrogen, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics.
    GO:0009725    response to hormone    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hormone stimulus.
    GO:0008542    visual learning    Any process in an organism in which a change in behavior of an individual occurs in response to repeated exposure to a visual cue.
cellular component
    GO:0030424    axon    The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0005829    cytosol    The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
    GO:0005576    extracellular region    The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
    GO:0005615    extracellular space    That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
    GO:0098794    postsynapse    The part of a synapse that is part of the post-synaptic cell.

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