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(-)Theoretical Model
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Theoretical Model  (Jmol Viewer)

(-) Description

Title :  MOLECULAR MODEL OF THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN PARATHYROID HORMONE 1-34 COMPLEXED WITH PTH/PTHRP RECEPTOR.
 
Authors :  L. Jin, S. L. Briggs, S. Chandrasekhar, N. Y. Chirgadze, D. K. Clawson, R. W. Schevitz, D. L. Smiley, A. H. Tashjian, F. Zhang
Date :  12 Apr 00  (Deposition) - 06 Sep 00  (Release) - 01 Apr 03  (Revision)
Method :  THEORETICAL MODEL
Resolution :  NOT APPLICABLE
Chains :  Theor. Model :  A,S
Keywords :  Model, Ligand-Receptor Complex (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  L. Jin, S. L. Briggs, S. Chandrasekhar, N. Y. Chirgadze, D. K. Clawson, R. W. Schevitz, D. L. Smiley, A. H. Tashjian, F. Zhang
Crystal Structure Of Human Parathyroid Hormone 1-34 At 0. 9-A Resolution.
J. Biol. Chem. V. 275 27238 2000
PubMed: search
(for further references see the PDB file header)

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - PARATHYROID HORMONE
    ChainsA
    Fragment1-34
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    SynonymPTH
 
Molecule 2 - PARATHYROID HORMONE/PARATHYROID HORMONE-RELATED PEPTIDE RECEPTOR
    ChainsS
    Fragment168-469
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    SynonymPTH/PTHR RECEPTOR

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  
Theoretical Model 

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (0, 0)

(no "Ligand,Modified Residues,Ions" information available for 1ET2)

(-) Sites  (0, 0)

(no "Site" information available for 1ET2)

(-) SS Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "SS Bond" information available for 1ET2)

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 1ET2)

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (4, 4)

Theoretical Model (4, 4)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_003582H223RPTH1R_HUMANDisease (JMC)121434597SH223R
2UniProtVAR_003583T410PPTH1R_HUMANDisease (JMC)121434598ST410P
3UniProtVAR_038811T410RPTH1R_HUMANDisease (JMC)121434602ST410R
4UniProtVAR_016064I458RPTH1R_HUMANDisease (JMC)121434600SI458R

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (3, 3)

Theoretical Model (3, 3)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1PARATHYROIDPS00335 Parathyroid hormone family signature.PTHY_HUMAN33-43  1A:2-12
2G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F2_4PS50261 G-protein coupled receptors family 2 profile 2.PTH1R_HUMAN187-463  1S:187-463
3G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F2_2PS00650 G-protein coupled receptors family 2 signature 2.PTH1R_HUMAN451-466  1S:451-466

(-) Exons   (11, 11)

Theoretical Model (11, 11)
 ENSEMBLUniProtKBPDB
No.Transcript IDExonExon IDGenome LocationLengthIDLocationLengthCountLocationLength
1.2ENST000002820912ENSE00001306506chr11:13517567-13517458110PTHY_HUMAN-00--
1.3ENST000002820913ENSE00001004377chr11:13514407-1351431791PTHY_HUMAN1-29290--
1.4bENST000002820914bENSE00001004379chr11:13514213-13513602612PTHY_HUMAN29-115871A:1-3434

2.5aENST000003130495aENSE00001800808chr3:46924847-46925124278PTH1R_HUMAN1-25250--
2.9ENST000003130499ENSE00001054584chr3:46935397-46935499103PTH1R_HUMAN26-60350--
2.10bENST0000031304910bENSE00001250798chr3:46937225-46937359135PTH1R_HUMAN60-105460--
2.11ENST0000031304911ENSE00001054579chr3:46939345-46939455111PTH1R_HUMAN105-142380--
2.12ENST0000031304912ENSE00001054590chr3:46939564-46939682119PTH1R_HUMAN142-181401S:168-18114
2.13aENST0000031304913aENSE00001356664chr3:46939868-4693996295PTH1R_HUMAN182-213321S:182-21332
2.13dENST0000031304913dENSE00001054575chr3:46940152-46940347196PTH1R_HUMAN213-278661S:213-27866
2.14aENST0000031304914aENSE00001250768chr3:46940793-46940946154PTH1R_HUMAN279-330521S:279-33052
2.15ENST0000031304915ENSE00001054564chr3:46942515-4694257561PTH1R_HUMAN330-350211S:330-35021
2.16ENST0000031304916ENSE00001731540chr3:46942904-4694297067PTH1R_HUMAN350-372231S:350-37223
2.17bENST0000031304917bENSE00001781116chr3:46943256-4694335095PTH1R_HUMAN373-404321S:373-40432
2.18cENST0000031304918cENSE00001608395chr3:46944016-46944157142PTH1R_HUMAN404-451481S:404-45148
2.18eENST0000031304918eENSE00001621437chr3:46944239-4694428042PTH1R_HUMAN452-465141S:452-46514
2.20eENST0000031304920eENSE00001640385chr3:46944760-46945284525PTH1R_HUMAN466-5931281S:466-4694

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Theoretical Model
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:34
 aligned with PTHY_HUMAN | P01270 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:115

    Alignment length:34
                                    41        51        61    
           PTHY_HUMAN    32 SVSEIQLMHNLGKHLNSMERVEWLRKKLQDVHNF  65
               SCOP domains ---------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ---------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ---------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE -PARATHYROID---------------------- PROSITE
               Transcript 1 Exon 1.4b  PDB: A:1-34             Transcript 1
                 1et2 A   1 SVSEIQLMHNLGKHLNSMERVEWLRKKLQDVHNF  34
                                    10        20        30    

Chain S from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:302
 aligned with PTH1R_HUMAN | Q03431 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:593

    Alignment length:302
                                   177       187       197       207       217       227       237       247       257       267       277       287       297       307       317       327       337       347       357       367       377       387       397       407       417       427       437       447       457       467  
          PTH1R_HUMAN   168 SECVKFLTNETREREVFDRLGMIYTVGYSVSLASLTVAVLILAYFRRLHCTRNYIHMHLFLSFMLRAVSIFVKDAVLYSGATLDEAERLTEEELRAIAQAPPPPATAAAGYAGCRVAVTFFLYFLATNYYWILVEGLYLHSLIFMAFFSEKKYLWGFTVFGWGLPAVFVAVWVSVRATLANTGCWDLSSGNKKWIIQVPILASIVLNFILFINIVRVLATKLRETNAGRCDTRQQYRKLLKSTLVLMPLFGVHYIVFMATPYTEVSGTLWQVQMHYEMLFNSFQGFFVAIIYCFCNGEVQAE 469
               SCOP domains -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .hhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhh............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Sec.struct. author
             SAPs(SNPs) (1) -------------------------------------------------------R------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------P-----------------------------------------------R----------- SAPs(SNPs) (1)
             SAPs(SNPs) (2) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------R----------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs) (2)
                PROSITE (1) -------------------G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F2_4  PDB: S:187-463 UniProt: 187-463                                                                                                                                                                                                                                ------ PROSITE (1)
                PROSITE (2) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------G_PROTEIN_RECEP_--- PROSITE (2)
           Transcript 2 (1) Exon 2.12     Exon 2.13a  PDB: S:182-213      -----------------------------------------------------------------Exon 2.14a  PDB: S:279-330 UniProt: 279-330         -------------------Exon 2.16              Exon 2.17b  PDB: S:373-404      -----------------------------------------------Exon 2.18e    2.20 Transcript 2 (1)
           Transcript 2 (2) ---------------------------------------------Exon 2.13d  PDB: S:213-278 UniProt: 213-278                       ---------------------------------------------------Exon 2.15            -----------------------------------------------------Exon 2.18c  PDB: S:404-451 UniProt: 404-451     ------------------ Transcript 2 (2)
                 1et2 S 168 SECVKFLTNETREREVFDRLGMIYTVGYSVSLASLTVAVLILAYFRRLHCTRNYIHMHLFLSFMLRAVSIFVKDAVLYSGATLDEAERLTEEELRAIAQAPPPPATAAAGYAGCRVAVTFFLYFLATNYYWILVEGLYLHSLIFMAFFSEKKYLWGFTVFGWGLPAVFVAVWVSVRATLANTGCWDLSSGNKKWIIQVPILASIVLNFILFINIVRVLATKLRETNAGRCDTRQQYRKLLKSTLVLMPLFGVHYIVFMATPYTEVSGTLWQVQMHYEMLFNSFQGFFVAIIYCFCNGEVQAE 469
                                   177       187       197       207       217       227       237       247       257       267       277       287       297       307       317       327       337       347       357       367       377       387       397       407       417       427       437       447       457       467  

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (0, 0)

(no "SCOP Domain" information available for 1ET2)

(-) CATH Domains  (0, 0)

(no "CATH Domain" information available for 1ET2)

(-) Pfam Domains  (0, 0)

(no "Pfam Domain" information available for 1ET2)

(-) Gene Ontology  (74, 80)

Theoretical Model(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A   (PTHY_HUMAN | P01270)
molecular function
    GO:0005179    hormone activity    The action characteristic of a hormone, any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action. The term was originally applied to agents with a stimulatory physiological action in vertebrate animals (as opposed to a chalone, which has a depressant action). Usage is now extended to regulatory compounds in lower animals and plants, and to synthetic substances having comparable effects; all bind receptors and trigger some biological process.
    GO:0031856    parathyroid hormone receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a parathyroid hormone receptor.
    GO:0051428    peptide hormone receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a receptor for peptide hormones.
    GO:0003705    transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is in a distal enhancer region for RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) in order to modulate transcription by RNAP II.
    GO:0031857    type 1 parathyroid hormone receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a type 1 parathyroid hormone receptor.
biological process
    GO:0007186    G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The pathway can start from the plasma membrane, Golgi or nuclear membrane (PMID:24568158 and PMID:16902576).
    GO:0007266    Rho protein signal transduction    A series of molecular signals within the cell that are mediated by a member of the Rho family of proteins switching to a GTP-bound active state.
    GO:0007189    adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds through activation of adenylyl cyclase activity and a subsequent increase in the concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP).
    GO:0045453    bone resorption    The process in which specialized cells known as osteoclasts degrade the organic and inorganic portions of bone, and endocytose and transport the degradation products.
    GO:0046058    cAMP metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving the nucleotide cAMP (cyclic AMP, adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate).
    GO:0007267    cell-cell signaling    Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another. This process includes signal transduction in the receiving cell and, where applicable, release of a ligand and any processes that actively facilitate its transport and presentation to the receiving cell. Examples include signaling via soluble ligands, via cell adhesion molecules and via gap junctions.
    GO:0006874    cellular calcium ion homeostasis    Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions at the level of a cell.
    GO:0034645    cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process    The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass, carried out by individual cells.
    GO:0048873    homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue    Any biological process involved in the maintenance of the steady-state number of cells within a population of cells in a tissue.
    GO:0008628    hormone-mediated apoptotic signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of a hormone, and which triggers the apoptotic signaling pathway in a cell. The pathway starts with reception of a hormone signal, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered.
    GO:0071866    negative regulation of apoptotic process in bone marrow    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process in the bone marrow.
    GO:0000122    negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
    GO:0030501    positive regulation of bone mineralization    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of bone mineralization.
    GO:0030819    positive regulation of cAMP biosynthetic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the nucleotide cAMP (cyclic AMP, adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate).
    GO:0071864    positive regulation of cell proliferation in bone marrow    A process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation in the bone marrow.
    GO:0046326    positive regulation of glucose import    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle.
    GO:0045725    positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen.
    GO:0045778    positive regulation of ossification    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of bone formation.
    GO:0090290    positive regulation of osteoclast proliferation    Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the multiplication or reproduction of osteoclasts, resulting in the expansion of an osteoclast cell population.
    GO:0009967    positive regulation of signal transduction    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction.
    GO:0045944    positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
    GO:0010468    regulation of gene expression    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
    GO:0046686    response to cadmium ion    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cadmium (Cd) ion stimulus.
    GO:0042493    response to drug    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease.
    GO:0045471    response to ethanol    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ethanol stimulus.
    GO:0071774    response to fibroblast growth factor    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fibroblast growth factor stimulus.
    GO:0010288    response to lead ion    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lead ion stimulus.
    GO:0031667    response to nutrient levels    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of nutrients.
    GO:0071107    response to parathyroid hormone    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a parathyroid hormone stimulus.
    GO:0033280    response to vitamin D    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin D stimulus.
    GO:0001501    skeletal system development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skeleton over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skeleton is the bony framework of the body in vertebrates (endoskeleton) or the hard outer envelope of insects (exoskeleton or dermoskeleton).
cellular component
    GO:0005623    cell    The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Includes the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope.
    GO:0005576    extracellular region    The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
    GO:0005615    extracellular space    That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
    GO:0005622    intracellular    The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm.

Chain S   (PTH1R_HUMAN | Q03431)
molecular function
    GO:0004930    G-protein coupled receptor activity    Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.
    GO:0004991    parathyroid hormone receptor activity    Combining with parathyroid hormone to initiate a change in cell activity.
    GO:0017046    peptide hormone binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any peptide with hormonal activity in animals.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0043621    protein self-association    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a domain within the same polypeptide.
    GO:0004871    signal transducer activity    Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response.
    GO:0004888    transmembrane signaling receptor activity    Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity or state as part of signal transduction.
biological process
    GO:0007186    G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The pathway can start from the plasma membrane, Golgi or nuclear membrane (PMID:24568158 and PMID:16902576).
    GO:0007187    G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation or inhibition of a nucleotide cyclase activity and a subsequent change in the concentration of a cyclic nucleotide.
    GO:0007189    adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds through activation of adenylyl cyclase activity and a subsequent increase in the concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP).
    GO:0007188    adenylate cyclase-modulating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds through activation or inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity and a subsequent change in the concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP).
    GO:0007568    aging    A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700).
    GO:0030282    bone mineralization    The deposition of hydroxyapatite, a form of calcium phosphate with the formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, in bone tissue.
    GO:0045453    bone resorption    The process in which specialized cells known as osteoclasts degrade the organic and inorganic portions of bone, and endocytose and transport the degradation products.
    GO:0048469    cell maturation    A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a cell to attain its fully functional state.
    GO:0007166    cell surface receptor signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
    GO:0006874    cellular calcium ion homeostasis    Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions at the level of a cell.
    GO:0002062    chondrocyte differentiation    The process in which a chondroblast acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a chondrocyte. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage.
    GO:0008285    negative regulation of cell proliferation    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
    GO:0001503    ossification    The formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance.
    GO:0002076    osteoblast development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an osteoblast over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Osteoblast development does not include the steps involved in committing a cranial neural crest cell or an osteoprogenitor cell to an osteoblast fate. An osteoblast is a cell that gives rise to bone.
    GO:0007200    phospholipase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation of phospholipase C (PLC) and a subsequent increase in the concentration of inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG).
    GO:0008284    positive regulation of cell proliferation    Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
    GO:0007204    positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration    Any process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol.
    GO:0060732    positive regulation of inositol phosphate biosynthetic process    Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of inositol phosphate biosynthesis. Inositol phosphate biosynthetic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an inositol phosphate, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, with one or more phosphate groups attached.
    GO:0007165    signal transduction    The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.
    GO:0001501    skeletal system development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skeleton over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skeleton is the bony framework of the body in vertebrates (endoskeleton) or the hard outer envelope of insects (exoskeleton or dermoskeleton).
cellular component
    GO:0016324    apical plasma membrane    The region of the plasma membrane located at the apical end of the cell.
    GO:0016323    basolateral plasma membrane    The region of the plasma membrane that includes the basal end and sides of the cell. Often used in reference to animal polarized epithelial membranes, where the basal membrane is the part attached to the extracellular matrix, or in plant cells, where the basal membrane is defined with respect to the zygotic axis.
    GO:0031526    brush border membrane    The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding the brush border.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0005829    cytosol    The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
    GO:0070062    extracellular exosome    A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
    GO:0016021    integral component of membrane    The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
    GO:0005887    integral component of plasma membrane    The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
    GO:0005622    intracellular    The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0005634    nucleus    A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
    GO:0043235    receptor complex    Any protein complex that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.

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 Related Entries

(-) Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

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        PTH1R_HUMAN | Q034311bl1 1et3 3c4m 3h3g 3l2j 4z8j 5emb
        PTHY_HUMAN | P012701bwx 1et1 1fvy 1hph 1hpy 1hth 1zwa 1zwb 1zwd 1zwe 1zwf 1zwg 2l1x 3c4m

(-) Related Entries Specified in the PDB File

1et1 CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN PARATHYROID HORMONE 1-34 AT 0.9 A RESOLUTION.
1et3 MOLECULAR MODEL OF THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN PARATHYROID HORMONE 1-34 COMPLEXED WITH PTH/PTHRP RECEPTOR